Breakdown of Nyt he työskentelevät konsultteina tai päällikköinä.
he
they
nyt
now
tai
or
työskennellä
to work
päällikkö
manager
konsultti
consultant
Questions & Answers about Nyt he työskentelevät konsultteina tai päällikköinä.
How is the essive plural formed for konsultteina and päällikköinä?
The essive plural ending is -ina or -inä depending on vowel harmony. It attaches to the plural stem. For nouns ending in -i like konsultti, the final -i changes to -e before adding the plural -i, giving the stem konsulttei- which becomes konsultteina. For päällikkö, the plural -i is added directly to the final vowel, creating päällikköinä.
Why do konsultteina and päällikköinä keep their double consonants (tt and kk)?
The essive case always uses the strong consonant grade, both in the singular and the plural. If you used the translative case to say they became managers, the kk would weaken to a single k to form päälliköiksi. But since the essive expresses the continuous state of being a manager, the consonants stay strong as päällikköinä and konsultteina.
Does the verb työskennellä always trigger the essive case?
It requires the essive case when you are stating the role, title, or profession someone works as. If you instead wanted to say where they work, you would use a location case, for example työskentelevät toimistossa (they work in an office).
As a quick refresher, why does the verb työskennellä change to työskentelevät here?
Työskennellä is a type 3 verb. To find the stem, you drop the -llä ending and add -le. Type 3 verbs also undergo reverse consonant gradation, meaning the weak nn in the dictionary form becomes a strong nt in the conjugated stem to form työskentele- before adding the plural ending -vät.
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