Breakdown of Opiskelu vaatii sekä aikaa että kurinalaisuutta.
aika
time (concept, duration)
että
that (conjunction)
vaatia
to claim (demand)
sekä
both
opiskelu
studying
kurinalaisuus
discipline
Questions & Answers about Opiskelu vaatii sekä aikaa että kurinalaisuutta.
Why are aikaa and kurinalaisuutta in the partitive case here?
The verb vaatia (to require, to demand) takes an object. Here, the things being required (time and discipline) are abstract, uncountable concepts. When a verb's object is an uncountable mass or abstract concept, it is placed in the partitive case.
How does the structure sekä ... että work?
The phrase sekä ... että is a fixed correlative conjunction meaning "both ... and". In this sentence, it connects the two partitive objects, aikaa and kurinalaisuutta. It is a great structure at the B2 level to emphasize that two things are equally necessary, rather than just using a simple ja (and).
How is the long word kurinalaisuutta constructed?
It is the partitive form of the noun kurinalaisuus (discipline). This is built from the root kuri (order or discipline), the suffix -lainen (which forms the adjective kurinalainen, meaning disciplined), and the noun-forming suffix -uus (similar to "-ness" in English). Finally, it takes the partitive -tta ending because it is the object of vaatia.
Why use the noun opiskelu instead of the infinitive verb opiskella?
In English, we often use the "-ing" form of a verb as the subject ("Studying requires..."). In Finnish, while you can sometimes use the basic infinitive, it is much more natural here to use the derived noun form ending in -u or -y. Opiskelu functions as a pure noun, making it a perfect subject for the verb vaatii.
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