Word
Luimme kirjoja, kunnes sää muuttui.
Meaning
We read books until the weather changed.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Questions & Answers about Luimme kirjoja, kunnes sää muuttui.
Does the word kunnes change the word order of the sentence?
No, kunnes behaves like other common subordinating conjunctions (like koska or että). The clause that follows it uses standard word order, which is why we see the subject sää immediately followed by the verb muuttui.
Why is kirjoja in the partitive case?
Because reading was an ongoing, continuous process that was happening up until the weather changed. In Finnish, the object of an ongoing or incomplete action takes the partitive case. Here it is in the partitive plural (kirjoja) because they were reading multiple books.
Why use muuttui here instead of muutti?
Muuttui is the past tense of muuttua, which is an intransitive verb meaning something changes on its own (the weather changed). If you used muutti (from the transitive verb muuttaa), it would mean the weather actively changed something else, like a person's plans.
What happened to the letter 'k' from the basic verb lukea (to read) in luimme?
Adding the personal ending -mme closes the syllable, which triggers consonant gradation. The strong 'k' in lukea weakens and disappears completely. Combined with the past tense marker 'i', the stem becomes lui-, giving us luimme.