Breakdown of Yritys, jolle työntekijä pysyy uskollisena, muuttuu vakavaksi kilpailijaksi.
muuttua
to change
pysyä
to stay (remain in a state or position)
joka
who / which (relative pronoun)
yritys
company
työntekijä
the employee
kilpailija
competitor
vakava
serious
uskollinen
loyal
Questions & Answers about Yritys, jolle työntekijä pysyy uskollisena, muuttuu vakavaksi kilpailijaksi.
Why is uskollisena in the essive case rather than just the nominative uskollinen?
The verb pysyä (to stay or remain) requires its complement to be in the essive case. The essive ending -na or -nä is used here to express that the worker's state of loyalty remains unchanged.
Why do both vakava and kilpailija end in -ksi in this sentence?
The verb muuttua (to turn into or become) indicates a change of state. Verbs of transformation govern the translative case, which uses the ending -ksi. Because the adjective vakava (serious) modifies the noun kilpailija (competitor), both words must take the translative ending to form vakavaksi kilpailijaksi.
Why is the relative pronoun in the form jolle instead of just joka?
jolle is the allative case (ending in -lle) of the relative pronoun joka, meaning "to which" or "to whom" here. It takes this case because of the adjective uskollinen (loyal): in Finnish, you are loyal to someone or something, which requires the allative case.
What is the subject of the verb muuttuu (turns into)?
The subject is yritys (the company) at the very beginning of the sentence. The core sentence is Yritys muuttuu vakavaksi kilpailijaksi (The company turns into a serious competitor). The section wrapped in commas is a relative clause that simply adds more detail about the company.
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