Learn Finnish: Kun olemme metsässä, hakkaamme polttopuita kirveellä. - When we are in the forest, we chop firewood with an axe.

In Finnish, the Adessive ending -lla/-llä is often used to show the tool or instrument you use to complete an action. You don't need a separate preposition like 'with' in English; you just add -llä directly to the end of the word.

How do we get kirveellä from the dictionary word kirves (axe)?

Words ending in -es (like kirves) change their ending to -ee- to form the word stem. After changing kirves to the stem kirvee-, we add the Adessive tool ending -llä.

Why does the verb hakata (to chop) get a double K in hakkaamme?

Hakata is a Type 4 verb, which means its consonant gradation works in reverse compared to Type 1 verbs. The dictionary form has the weak grade (one k), but conjugated forms like the 'we' form use the strong grade (two k's), giving us the stem hakkaa- before adding the -mme ending.

Why is polttopuita (firewood) in the partitive plural form?

We use the partitive plural because we are chopping an unspecified, undefined amount of wood. Additionally, chopping is an open-ended, continuous action here rather than a completed process targeting one specific finite object.