Breakdown of Tuomari luki lausunnon oikeudenkäynnissä.
lukea
to read
tuomari
judge
lausunto
statement
oikeudenkäynti
trial
Questions & Answers about Tuomari luki lausunnon oikeudenkäynnissä.
Why is lausunnon in the genitive-looking accusative form here instead of the partitive?
It acts as a total object. Using the -n ending shows that the action was fully completed—the judge read the entire statement. If it were in the partitive case (lausuntoa), it would mean the reading was still ongoing or that the judge only read part of it.
What is the base form of lausunnon and why does the spelling change?
The base form is lausunto (statement). When we add the -n object ending, it closes the final syllable. This triggers consonant gradation, causing the strong consonant combination nt to weaken into nn, giving us lausunnon.
Oikeudenkäynnissä is quite a mouthful! How is this word built?
It is a compound word for "trial" or "court proceeding." It combines oikeuden (the genitive form of oikeus, meaning justice or court) with käynti (visit or proceeding). Finally, the "in/at" ending -ssä is attached to the end.
Why does the nt in käynti change to nn in oikeudenkäynnissä?
Just like with lausunto, adding the case ending (-ssä) to käynti closes the final syllable. This triggers consonant gradation, which weakens the nt to nn.
Why does the k stay in luki (read), even though it disappears when saying "I read" (luin)?
The verb lukea (to read) loses its k when a personal ending closes the syllable, like the -n in luin. However, the third-person singular past tense (luki) has no consonant ending after the vowel i. Because the syllable remains open, the strong consonant k is kept.
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