Breakdown of Saasteet ovat vaarallisia, mutta ympäristöä ei ole suojeltu.
olla
to be
mutta
but
ei
no / not (negative verb)
vaarallinen
dangerous
suojella
to protect (e.g., a person, nature)
saaste
pollution
ympäristö
environment
Questions & Answers about Saasteet ovat vaarallisia, mutta ympäristöä ei ole suojeltu.
How do we form the negative perfect passive in ei ole suojeltu?
It is built with three parts: the negative word ei, the auxiliary verb ole, and the passive past participle of the main verb, which here is suojeltu (from suojella, to protect). In the negative perfect passive, the auxiliary verb ole stays exactly like this and does not take any endings.
Why is the word for environment, ympäristöä, in the partitive case?
It acts as the object of the verb phrase. A very strict rule in Finnish is that the object of a negative sentence must always be in the partitive case. Since the environment has not been protected, ympäristö becomes ympäristöä.
Why is vaarallisia in the partitive plural instead of the nominative plural?
When an adjective describes a plural subject, it takes the partitive plural if the subject represents a general, abstract, or uncountable mass. Because saasteet (pollutants) is talked about as a general phenomenon here, the adjective vaarallinen becomes vaarallisia.
How do we get the passive form suojeltu from the dictionary form suojella?
Suojella is a verb type 3. To make the passive past participle for verbs ending in -lla or -llä, you simply drop the final vowel and add -tu or -ty. So, suojella drops the last -a and adds -tu, resulting in suojeltu.
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