Breakdown of Kastele kaikki pensaat tänään!
tänään
today
kaikki
all, everything, everyone
kastella
to water
pensas
bush
Questions & Answers about Kastele kaikki pensaat tänään!
Why is the object pensaat in the nominative plural (-t) instead of the partitive plural?
This sentence has a plural total object. Because the command is to water the whole group of bushes completely, the object is total. In Finnish, a plural total object uses the nominative plural form, which ends in -t.
How do we get the plural form pensaat from the basic word pensas (bush)?
For nouns ending in -as or -äs, the stem changes by dropping the -s and lengthening the vowel. So the stem of pensas becomes pensaa-. Then, you simply add the plural marker -t to get pensaat.
Why doesn't the word kaikki get a plural -t ending to match pensaat?
The word kaikki is a bit of an exception. When it means "all" and modifies a noun in the nominative plural form, it stays in its basic singular form. We say kaikki pensaat, never kaiket pensaat.
What is the base form of the verb kastele, and how is this command formed?
The base verb is kastella (to water), which is a type 3 verb. To make a direct command to one person, you find the "minä" (I) form and drop the -n. Because "I water" is minä kastelen, the command becomes just kastele.
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