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Finnish

### The Analytical Future with *tulla*

Finnish typically uses the present tense for future actions. However, when making definitive predictions or discussing long-term forecasts, you can use the analytical future. 

This construction pairs the conjugated verb **tulla** with the main verb in the third infinitive illative form (**-maan** or **-mään**, depending on vowel harmony).

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### Asking Questions and Predicting Trends

To form a yes-no question in the analytical future, attach the question particle **-ko/-kö** to the conjugated form of *tulla*.

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With question words like *miten* (how), the question word comes first and *tulla* conjugates normally.

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You will frequently encounter this structure in official forecasts regarding society and demographics.

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The analytical future (tulla -maan/-mään)

adjective

adposition

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (tämä, tuo, se)

Singular personal pronouns (minä, sinä, hän)

Plural personal pronouns (me, te, he)

Plural demonstratives (nämä, nuo, ne)

Coordinating conjunctions (ja, mutta, tai)

Yes/no questions (-ko / -kö)

Basic question words (kuka, mikä, missä)

Negation of to be (en ole, ei ole)

The inessive case (-ssa / -ssä)

Double consonant gradation (kk, pp, tt)

Consonant gradation (-ssa/-ssä)

Verb Type 1 (puhun, puhut, puhuu)

Verb Type 1 with consonant gradation

Negative verbs (en puhu, et lue)

External location (-lla/-llä)

There is / there are (kaupungissa on)

Possession (minulla on)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yksi, kaksi, kolme)

The partitive singular (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Quantities with numbers (kaksi autoa)

Negative possession (ei ole)

Numbers 11 to 100 and 1000

Partitive verbs

Partitive personal pronouns (minua, sinua)

Verb Type 2 (-da/-dä)

Partitive for mass nouns (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Partitive for negative objects

Adjective agreement

Verb Type 3

The elative case (-sta/-stä)

Negative possession (minulla ei ole…)

The illative case (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Numbers 21 to 99

Static vs. movement verbs

Verb Type 4 (-Vta / -Vtä)

Verb Type 5 (-ita / -itä)

Genitive singular for possession (-n)

Total object (-n)

Accusative personal pronouns (-t)

Obligation (täytyy)

Into places (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Postpositions with the genitive

My and your (-ni, -si)

Onto and to someone (-lle)

From someone or somewhere (-lta, -ltä)

Telling time (kello on...)

Months of the year (-ssa, -ssä)

Days of the week (-na, -nä)

When and why (milloin, miksi)

The illative case (mihin, -Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Past tense of to be (olin, olit, oli)

The seasons (kevät, kesä, syksy, talvi)

The imperative mood (lue!, syö!, mene!)

The past tense of to be (olin, oli)

The illative case (-hVn, -seen)

Greetings and goodbyes (hei, näkemiin)

Thank you and sorry (kiitos, anteeksi)

Liking things (pitää / tykätä + -sta/-stä)

Temporary states and roles (-na/-nä)

Change of state (-ksi)

Ongoing actions (-massa/-mässä)

Going to do an action (-maan/-mään)

Returning from an action (-masta/-mästä)

Third-person possessives (-nsa/-nsä or -Vn)

Plural possessives (-mme, -nne)

Indefinite pronouns (joku, jokin, kaikki)

Negative indefinite pronouns (ei kukaan, ei mikään)

Commands for verb types 4 and 5

Adverb formation (-sti)

Past tense for verb type 1 (-i-)

Past tense vowel changes for verb type 1 (-o- / -i-)

Past tense for verb type 2 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 3 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 4 (-si-)

Past tense for verb type 5 (-itsi-)

Past tense consonant gradation

Past participles for verb types 1 and 2 (-nut / -nyt)

Past participle singular for verb types 3-5 (-nnut, -llut)

Active past participle plural (-neet)

Past tense negative (en mennyt, emme olleet)

The perfect tense (olen ollut)

The perfect tense negative (en ole nähnyt)

Total plural objects (-t)

Partitive plural (-ia / -iä)

Partitive plural (-ja / -jä)

Question	Answer
birth rate	syntyvyys
will (future auxiliary)	tulla
considerably	huomattavasti
The birth rate will decrease considerably.	Syntyvyys tulee laskemaan huomattavasti.
Is the birth rate still unchanging?	Onko syntyvyys yhä muuttumaton?
population size	asukasluku
The population size will grow considerably.	Asukasluku tulee kasvamaan huomattavasti.
The city's population size is not double.	Kaupungin asukasluku ei ole kaksinkertainen.
The city's population size will exceed a million.	Kaupungin asukasluku tulee ylittämään miljoonan.
standard of living	elintaso
The standard of living rises considerably.	Elintaso nousee huomattavasti.
These changes will improve the standard of living.	Nämä muutokset tulevat parantamaan elintasoa.
These countries are rich, and the standard of living is high.	Nämä maat ovat rikkaita, ja elintaso on korkea.
mortality	kuolleisuus
Experts believe that mortality will decrease.	Asiantuntijat uskovat, että kuolleisuus tulee vähentymään.
Will mortality be low?	Tuleeko kuolleisuus olemaan matala?
life expectancy (statistical measure)	eliniänodote
Life expectancy will rise in the future.	Eliniänodote tulee nousemaan tulevaisuudessa.
to forecast	ennustaa
The researcher forecasts that life expectancy rises.	Tutkija ennustaa, että eliniänodote nousee.
The government forecasts fast economic growth.	Hallitus ennustaa nopeaa talouskasvua.
migration	muuttoliike
They forecast that migration will continue.	He ennustavat, että muuttoliike tulee jatkumaan.
urbanization	kaupungistuminen
How will urbanization and migration change society?	Miten kaupungistuminen ja muuttoliike tulevat muuttamaan yhteiskuntaa?
Is urbanization still so fast?	Onko kaupungistuminen yhä niin nopeaa?
These phenomena are common, and urbanization will continue.	Nämä ilmiöt ovat yleisiä, ja kaupungistuminen tulee jatkumaan.
to revolutionize	mullistaa
Will artificial intelligence revolutionize the economy?	Tuleeko tekoäly mullistamaan talouden?
New technology will revolutionize the industry.	Uusi teknologia tulee mullistamaan teollisuuden.