Pronoun and quantifier agreement (meidän kaikkien)

Agreeing pronouns and quantifiers

When you combine a personal pronoun (like me, te, or he) with a quantifier like kaikki (all) or molemmat (both), Finnish requires them to match perfectly. Instead of using a preposition like in English ("all of us"), you decline both words into the exact same case.

CasePronounQuantifierTogetherEnglish
Genitivemeidänkaikkienmeidän kaikkienall of our / of us all
Allativeteillemolemmilleteille molemmilleto both of you

Whenever a grammar rule demands a specific case—such as a genitive subject for täytyy (must)—the entire phrase takes that ending.

The neighborhood watch needs all of our help.
Naapurivahti tarvitsee meidän kaikkien apua.
The patrol suits both of you.
Partio sopii teille molemmille.
All of us must put on a safety vest.
Meidän kaikkien täytyy pukea turvaliivi.

Agreement with verb rections

As you organize your neighborhood watch, you will encounter verbs that demand specific cases for their targets. The simultaneous inflection rule applies here too.

For example, katsoa (to look at) takes the partitive, so "all of us" becomes meitä kaikkia. Pitää (to like) takes the elative, so "both of them" becomes heistä molemmista.

Where did the suspicious woman go? She looked at all of us.
Mihin epäilyttävä nainen meni? Hän katsoi meitä kaikkia.
We like both of them because they are vigilant.
Me pidämme heistä molemmista, koska he ovat valppaita.

Expressing possession and origins

This same double inflection applies to the local cases, such as the adessive (-lla/-llä) and the ablative (-lta/-ltä).

Because the Finnish "to have" construction places the owner in the adessive case, expressing "we all have" requires putting both the pronoun and the quantifier into the adessive: meillä kaikilla on. Similarly, if a verb demands the ablative case (meaning "from"), both words take the ending.

When we patrol on the night shift, we all have a flashlight.
Kun me partioimme yövuorossa, meillä kaikilla on taskulamppu.
The neighborhood watch requires a vigilant attitude from all of you.
Naapurivahti vaatii valpasta asennetta teiltä kaikilta.