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### Negative Possession

To say you do *not* have something, use the same owner structure as before (adding **-lla** or **-llä** to the person), but replace the word **on** (is/has) with **ei ole** (is not / does not have). 

There is one very important rule: the object you lack must always be in the **partitive** case. Just like when counting multiple items, you add **-a** or **-ä** to the end of the word.

- **passi** (passport) → **passia**
- **aika** (time) → **aikaa**
- **auto** (car) → **autoa**

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### Numbers 11 to 19

To form numbers from 11 to 19, simply take the base number from 1 to 9 and attach the suffix **-toista**.

| Number | Finnish |
|---|---|
| 11 | **yksitoista** |
| 12 | **kaksitoista** |
| 13 | **kolmetoista** |
| 14 | **neljätoista** |
| 15 | **viisitoista** |
| 16 | **kuusitoista** |
| 17 | **seitsemäntoista** |
| 18 | **kahdeksantoista** |
| 19 | **yhdeksäntoista** |

Remember, any number greater than one requires the following noun to be in the partitive case!

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### Twenty, a Hundred, and a Thousand

Larger numbers follow the exact same grammatical rules. 

- **kaksikymmentä** (twenty)
- **sata** (one hundred)
- **tuhat** (one thousand)

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### Putting It All Together

You can now combine your knowledge of counting and negative possession. Notice how both the counted amounts and the missing objects take the partitive **-a** or **-ä** ending.

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Negative possession (ei ole)

adjective

adposition

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (tämä, tuo, se)

Singular personal pronouns (minä, sinä, hän)

Plural personal pronouns (me, te, he)

Plural demonstratives (nämä, nuo, ne)

Coordinating conjunctions (ja, mutta, tai)

Yes/no questions (-ko / -kö)

Basic question words (kuka, mikä, missä)

Negation of to be (en ole, ei ole)

The inessive case (-ssa / -ssä)

Double consonant gradation (kk, pp, tt)

Consonant gradation (-ssa/-ssä)

Verb Type 1 (puhun, puhut, puhuu)

Verb Type 1 with consonant gradation

Negative verbs (en puhu, et lue)

External location (-lla/-llä)

There is / there are (kaupungissa on)

Possession (minulla on)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yksi, kaksi, kolme)

The partitive singular (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Quantities with numbers (kaksi autoa)

Numbers 11 to 100 and 1000

Partitive verbs

Partitive personal pronouns (minua, sinua)

Verb Type 2 (-da/-dä)

Partitive for mass nouns (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Partitive for negative objects

Adjective agreement

Verb Type 3

The elative case (-sta/-stä)

Negative possession (minulla ei ole…)

The illative case (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Numbers 21 to 99

Static vs. movement verbs

Verb Type 4 (-Vta / -Vtä)

Verb Type 5 (-ita / -itä)

Genitive singular for possession (-n)

Total object (-n)

Accusative personal pronouns (-t)

Obligation (täytyy)

Into places (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Postpositions with the genitive

My and your (-ni, -si)

Onto and to someone (-lle)

From someone or somewhere (-lta, -ltä)

Telling time (kello on...)

Months of the year (-ssa, -ssä)

Days of the week (-na, -nä)

When and why (milloin, miksi)

The illative case (mihin, -Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Past tense of to be (olin, olit, oli)

The seasons (kevät, kesä, syksy, talvi)

The imperative mood (lue!, syö!, mene!)

The past tense of to be (olin, oli)

The illative case (-hVn, -seen)

Greetings and goodbyes (hei, näkemiin)

Thank you and sorry (kiitos, anteeksi)

Liking things (pitää / tykätä + -sta/-stä)

Temporary states and roles (-na/-nä)

Change of state (-ksi)

Ongoing actions (-massa/-mässä)

Going to do an action (-maan/-mään)

Returning from an action (-masta/-mästä)

Third-person possessives (-nsa/-nsä or -Vn)

Plural possessives (-mme, -nne)

Indefinite pronouns (joku, jokin, kaikki)

Negative indefinite pronouns (ei kukaan, ei mikään)

Commands for verb types 4 and 5

Adverb formation (-sti)

Past tense for verb type 1 (-i-)

Past tense vowel changes for verb type 1 (-o- / -i-)

Past tense for verb type 2 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 3 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 4 (-si-)

Past tense for verb type 5 (-itsi-)

Past tense consonant gradation

Past participles for verb types 1 and 2 (-nut / -nyt)

Past participle singular for verb types 3-5 (-nnut, -llut)

Active past participle plural (-neet)

Past tense negative (en mennyt, emme olleet)

The perfect tense (olen ollut)

The perfect tense negative (en ole nähnyt)

Total plural objects (-t)

Partitive plural (-ia / -iä)

Partitive plural (-ja / -jä)

Partitive plural (-ita / -itä)

Question	Answer
passport	passi
I don't have a passport.	Minulla ei ole passia.
time (concept, duration)	aika
You don't have time.	Sinulla ei ole aikaa.
eleven	yksitoista
We have eleven euros, but we don't have a ticket.	Meillä on yksitoista euroa, mutta meillä ei ole lippua.
twelve	kaksitoista
The time is twelve, and I don't have time.	Kello on kaksitoista, ja minulla ei ole aikaa.
thirteen	kolmetoista
fourteen	neljätoista
There are thirteen boys and fourteen girls here.	Täällä on kolmetoista poikaa ja neljätoista tyttöä.
fifteen	viisitoista
sixteen	kuusitoista
There are fifteen tables and sixteen chairs in the room.	Huoneessa on viisitoista pöytää ja kuusitoista tuolia.
seventeen	seitsemäntoista
eighteen	kahdeksantoista
Are there seventeen or eighteen people here?	Onko täällä seitsemäntoista vai kahdeksantoista ihmistä?
nineteen	yhdeksäntoista
twenty	kaksikymmentä
There are nineteen or twenty pictures in the book.	Kirjassa on yhdeksäntoista tai kaksikymmentä kuvaa.
one hundred	sata
There are a hundred birds in the yard.	Pihalla on sata lintua.
one thousand	tuhat
He has a thousand euros, but he doesn't have a car.	Hänellä on tuhat euroa, mutta hänellä ei ole autoa.
I have eleven or twelve euros.	Minulla on yksitoista tai kaksitoista euroa.
There are fourteen people in the bus.	Bussissa on neljätoista ihmistä.
There are sixteen dogs in the park.	Puistossa on kuusitoista koiraa.
They have twenty euros.	Heillä on kaksikymmentä euroa.
There are a hundred chairs and a thousand books in the school.	Koulussa on sata tuolia ja tuhat kirjaa.
The doctor doesn't have a car.	Lääkärillä ei ole autoa.
The student doesn't have a book.	Opiskelijalla ei ole kirjaa.
I do not have a passport, but I have nineteen euros.	Minulla ei ole passia, mutta minulla on yhdeksäntoista euroa.
The boy has thirteen or fifteen apples, but he does not have a bag.	Pojalla on kolmetoista tai viisitoista omenaa, mutta hänellä ei ole laukkua.
The ticket costs seventeen or eighteen euros, but we do not have money.	Lippu maksaa seitsemäntoista tai kahdeksantoista euroa, mutta meillä ei ole rahaa.