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Finnish

### Creating "Any" Words with "tahansa"

In Finnish, you can easily express concepts like "anyone", "anything", or "anytime" by adding the word **tahansa** immediately after a question word.

{{item:917127}}

For example, pairing *kuka* (who) with *tahansa* gives you **kuka tahansa** (anyone). Similarly, *mikä* (what/which) becomes **mikä tahansa** (anything or any).

### Declining the Question Word

When you use these free-choice pronouns in a sentence, the question word declines to match its grammatical role, but the word *tahansa* never changes.

If the word is the subject, it stays in the nominative case (*kuka tahansa*, *mikä tahansa*).

{{item:917136}}

When the word acts as a partitive object, *kuka* becomes *ketä* (**ketä tahansa**) and *mikä* becomes *mitä* (**mitä tahansa**).

{{item:917144}}

{{item:917134}}

For the genitive case (showing possession) or an accusative total object, *mikä* declines to *minkä* (**minkä tahansa**).

{{item:917131}}

### Time and Place

The exact same rule applies to question words about time and location. By adding *tahansa*, you can express "anytime" and "anywhere". 

- **milloin tahansa** (anytime)
- **missä tahansa** (anywhere / in any place)
- **minne tahansa** (anywhere / to any place)

{{item:917128}}

{{item:917142}}

{{item:917147}}

Free-choice pronouns (tahansa)

adjective

adposition

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (tämä, tuo, se)

Singular personal pronouns (minä, sinä, hän)

Plural personal pronouns (me, te, he)

Plural demonstratives (nämä, nuo, ne)

Coordinating conjunctions (ja, mutta, tai)

Yes/no questions (-ko / -kö)

Basic question words (kuka, mikä, missä)

Negation of to be (en ole, ei ole)

The inessive case (-ssa / -ssä)

Double consonant gradation (kk, pp, tt)

Consonant gradation (-ssa/-ssä)

Verb Type 1 (puhun, puhut, puhuu)

Verb Type 1 with consonant gradation

Negative verbs (en puhu, et lue)

External location (-lla/-llä)

There is / there are (kaupungissa on)

Possession (minulla on)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yksi, kaksi, kolme)

The partitive singular (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Quantities with numbers (kaksi autoa)

Negative possession (ei ole)

Numbers 11 to 100 and 1000

Partitive verbs

Partitive personal pronouns (minua, sinua)

Verb Type 2 (-da/-dä)

Partitive for mass nouns (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Partitive for negative objects

Adjective agreement

Verb Type 3

The elative case (-sta/-stä)

Negative possession (minulla ei ole…)

The illative case (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Numbers 21 to 99

Static vs. movement verbs

Verb Type 4 (-Vta / -Vtä)

Verb Type 5 (-ita / -itä)

Genitive singular for possession (-n)

Total object (-n)

Accusative personal pronouns (-t)

Obligation (täytyy)

Into places (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Postpositions with the genitive

My and your (-ni, -si)

Onto and to someone (-lle)

From someone or somewhere (-lta, -ltä)

Telling time (kello on...)

Months of the year (-ssa, -ssä)

Days of the week (-na, -nä)

When and why (milloin, miksi)

The illative case (mihin, -Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Past tense of to be (olin, olit, oli)

The seasons (kevät, kesä, syksy, talvi)

The imperative mood (lue!, syö!, mene!)

The past tense of to be (olin, oli)

The illative case (-hVn, -seen)

Greetings and goodbyes (hei, näkemiin)

Thank you and sorry (kiitos, anteeksi)

Liking things (pitää / tykätä + -sta/-stä)

Temporary states and roles (-na/-nä)

Change of state (-ksi)

Ongoing actions (-massa/-mässä)

Going to do an action (-maan/-mään)

Returning from an action (-masta/-mästä)

Third-person possessives (-nsa/-nsä or -Vn)

Plural possessives (-mme, -nne)

Indefinite pronouns (joku, jokin, kaikki)

Negative indefinite pronouns (ei kukaan, ei mikään)

Commands for verb types 4 and 5

Adverb formation (-sti)

Past tense for verb type 1 (-i-)

Past tense vowel changes for verb type 1 (-o- / -i-)

Past tense for verb type 2 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 3 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 4 (-si-)

Past tense for verb type 5 (-itsi-)

Past tense consonant gradation

Past participles for verb types 1 and 2 (-nut / -nyt)

Past participle singular for verb types 3-5 (-nnut, -llut)

Active past participle plural (-neet)

Past tense negative (en mennyt, emme olleet)

The perfect tense (olen ollut)

The perfect tense negative (en ole nähnyt)

Total plural objects (-t)

Partitive plural (-ia / -iä)

Partitive plural (-ja / -jä)

Question	Answer
to rub	hieroa
any / -ever	tahansa
You can rub the lamp anytime.	Voit hieroa lamppua milloin tahansa.
to fulfill	toteuttaa
wish	toive
The genie can fulfill any wish.	Henki voi toteuttaa minkä tahansa toiveen.
power	valta
to rule	hallita
If you have power, you can rule anything.	Jos sinulla on valtaa, voit hallita mitä tahansa.
to command (tell someone to do something)	käskeä
Anyone can command this genie.	Kuka tahansa voi käskeä tätä henkeä.
to bow	kumartaa
Any king bows to me.	Kuka tahansa kuningas kumartaa minulle.
spell	loitsu
A strong spell can fulfill two wishes anytime.	Vahva loitsu voi toteuttaa kaksi toivetta milloin tahansa.
to come true	täyttyä
The wishes come true anywhere.	Toiveet täyttyvät missä tahansa.
I do not rub the lamp, because I know that the spell is dangerous.	En hiero lamppua, koska tiedän, että loitsu on vaarallinen.
The genie stays to help anyone.	Henki jää auttamaan ketä tahansa.
I have so much power that anyone bows to me.	Minulla on niin paljon valtaa, että kuka tahansa kumartaa minulle.
magic carpet	taikamatto
You can fly anywhere on the magic carpet.	Voit lentää minne tahansa taikamatolla.
Can anyone rule this country?	Voiko kuka tahansa hallita tätä maata?
I can ask for anything, and the wish comes true immediately.	Voin pyytää mitä tahansa, ja toive täyttyy heti.
The king commands the genie, but the genie does not bow.	Kuningas käskee henkeä, mutta henki ei kumarra.
A new magic carpet is better than any car.	Uusi taikamatto on parempi kuin mikä tahansa auto.