"Both... and..." with "niin ... kuin ... -kin"
In formal written Finnish, such as regional guides or national park brochures, the structure niin ... kuin ... -kin means "both ... and" or "as well as."
The structure wraps around the two items you are linking:
- niin comes before the first item.
- kuin comes before the second item.
- -kin (meaning "also") attaches to the very end of the second item.
If the linked words are in a specific grammatical case, the -kin suffix must be added after the case ending.
| The national park is a perfect destination for both tourists and locals. | Kansallispuisto on täydellinen kohde niin turisteille kuin paikallisillekin. |
| Lush vegetation interests both hikers and researchers. | Rehevä kasvillisuus kiinnostaa niin vaeltajia kuin tutkijoitakin. |
| Both birds and mammals live here. | Täällä elää niin lintuja kuin nisäkkäitäkin. |
Linking Adjectives
This correlative structure is not just for noun phrases. You can also link adjectives to emphasize that a place possesses two distinct qualities simultaneously.
| The ridge is both long and steep. | Harju on niin pitkä kuin jyrkkäkin. |
| The vegetation of the ridge is both beautiful and rare. | Harjun kasvillisuus on niin kaunista kuin harvinaistakin. |
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