Ablative plural (-ilta/-iltä)

The Ablative Plural (-ilta/-iltä)

The ablative case expresses moving away from a surface, but it is equally common for receiving, asking, or taking something from someone.

To describe this with multiple people or creatures, use the ablative plural ending -lta or -ltä (depending on vowel harmony). It attaches to the plural stem, which always includes the plural marker -i-.

The boy got a sword from the kings.
Poika sai miekan kuninkailta.
The woman did not get a crown from the princesses.
Nainen ei saanut kruunua prinsessoilta.

Stem Changes

Just like in other plural cases, adding the plural -i- can alter the final vowel of the word and trigger consonant gradation:

  • peikko (troll) → peikoilta (double kk becomes single k)
  • noita (witch) → noidilta (t softens to d)
  • prinsessa (princess) → prinsessoilta (final -a becomes -o-)
I asked the trolls for gold.
Minä pyysin kultaa peikoilta.
The girl learned new words from the witches.
Tyttö oppi uusia sanoja noidilta.

Common Ablative Verbs

Certain verbs naturally pair with the ablative case to describe a source, transaction, or separation. You will frequently see the ablative used with verbs like saada (to get), ostaa (to buy), oppia (to learn), pyytää (to ask for), and piilottaa (to hide from).

I hid the ring from the monsters.
Minä piilotin sormuksen hirviöiltä.
The children always get apples from the elves.
Lapset saavat aina omenoita tontuilta.
The elves buy bread from the fairies.
Tontut ostavat leipää keijuilta.