Learn Farsi: عکاس عکس‌ها را در آلبوم گذاشت. - The photographer put the photos in the album.

Yes! عکاس uses a common word pattern that indicates a profession or someone who works with a specific thing. Another common example you might have seen is نقاش (painter) which comes from نقش (design/painting).

This sentence uses عکس‌ها را for 'the photos'. How would I change this to say 'The photographer put them in the album' using the object endings we are learning?

You would remove the explicit object عکس‌ها را and instead attach the third-person plural object enclitic ـِشان (eshân) to the end of the verb. The sentence would become: عکاس در آلبوم گذاشتشان (akkâs dar âlbom gozâsht-eshân).

I always mix up the verbs for 'to put' and 'to pass'. How can I tell which one this is?

It is a very common mix-up! گذاشت (gozâsht - with a long 'â' sound) means 'put' and comes from the infinitive گذاشتن. The verb for 'passed' is گذشت (gozasht - with a short 'a') from گذشتن. Since an album is a physical place where you put things, you need the long 'â' version here.

Why is در آلبوم (in the album) placed right before the verb instead of after it like in English?

In Farsi, the main verb almost always goes at the very end of the sentence. Prepositional phrases like در آلبوم typically go right before the verb, especially when they follow a specific direct object that is marked with را.