Breakdown of آنها در حال مبادله هستند.
آنها
they
بودنbudan
to be
در حالdar hâl-e
in the process of / currently
مبادلهmobâdele
exchange (goods, trade)
Questions & Answers about آنها در حال مبادله هستند.
How does the word mobâdele fit the 'mutual action' pattern we are learning?
It follows the mo-C1-â-C2-e-C3-e pattern, using the Arabic root b-d-l (meaning 'change' or 'substitute'). Plugging this root into the mofâ'ale pattern adds the idea of doing the action together, giving us mobâdele (exchanging or swapping with one another).
Why is mobâdele used here as a noun instead of a conjugated verb?
The structure dar hâl-e literally means 'in the state of' and is used to express continuous ongoing actions in Farsi. It must always be followed by a noun or verbal noun. Therefore, instead of using a conjugated verb, the sentence uses the verbal noun mobâdele.
Where does the ezafe go in this continuous structure?
The ezafe connects hâl to the noun that follows it, so it is pronounced dar hâl-e mobâdele. However, you do not put an ezafe after mobâdele because hastand is a verb, and the ezafe only links nouns to other nouns or adjectives.
If they were exchanging something specific, like 'gifts', where would that word go?
It would follow mobâdele and be linked by an ezafe. For example, 'They are exchanging gifts' would be ânhâ dar hâl-e mobâdeleye hediye hastand. Notice that because mobâdele ends in a short 'e' sound, the connecting ezafe is pronounced as 'ye'.