Questions & Answers about مدیر فاسد از قانون غافل است.
Which words in this sentence use the Fâ'el pattern we are learning, and what are their roots?
Both فاسد (fâsed, corrupt) and غافل (ghâfel, unaware) use the Fâ'el (C1-â-C2-e-C3) pattern to create an active participle, which acts as an adjective here. فاسد comes from the root f-s-d (ruin or corruption), and غافل comes from gh-f-l (neglect or ignorance).
Is the word manager (مدیر) also an Arabic active participle?
Yes, but it belongs to a different Arabic pattern! While فاسد and غافل use the Fâ'el pattern for basic roots, مدیر (modir) uses a pattern that starts with mo-, which is typical for Arabic participles from more complex roots. You will study those later, but noticing that words starting with mo- often indicate a person doing an action is a helpful shortcut at this stage.
Why do we use the preposition از (az, from) instead of a translation for the English word of?
Many Farsi adjectives and verbs require a specific preposition that does not match English. The word غافل (unaware or negligent) naturally pairs with از (from). In Farsi, you are unaware from the law, not of it. Memorizing غافل از as a set chunk is the best approach to avoid literal translation errors.
Where does the ezafe go in this sentence?
There is a spoken ezafe connecting the noun to its adjective: مدیر فاسد is pronounced modir-e fâsed. Even at the B2 level, it is easy to read past this because the ezafe is almost never written in the standard script, but you must always pronounce that short -e sound to link the noun to its modifier.