Breakdown of مدیر ترجیح میدهد که کارمندان سختکوش و خوشبین باشند.
کارمند
employee
و
and
بودنbudan
to be
مدیرmodir
manager
کهke
that (conjunction)
ترجیح دادنtarjih dâdan
to prefer
سختکوشsakht-kush
hard-working
خوشبینkhosh-bin
optimistic
Questions & Answers about مدیر ترجیح میدهد که کارمندان سختکوش و خوشبین باشند.
How does the compound adjective سختکوش fit the pattern of Noun/Adjective + Present Stem?
سختکوش combines the adjective or adverb سخت (hard) with کوش (kush), which is the present stem of the verb کوشیدن (kushidan - to strive or endeavor). Together, they describe someone whose characteristic action is striving hard: a hard-working person.
Is خوشبین (optimistic) formed the same way as سختکوش?
Yes! It combines the adjective خوش (good or pleasant) with بین (bin), the present stem of the irregular verb دیدن (didan - to see). Literally translating to good-seeing, it describes someone whose characteristic action is seeing the good in things, giving us the word for optimistic.
Why does this sentence use the subjunctive verb باشند instead of the regular present tense هستند?
The main verb ترجیح میدهد (prefers) expresses a wish, desire, or preference. In Farsi, verbs that express preference require the following subordinate clause (introduced by که) to be in the subjunctive mood. Therefore, we use باشند (the present subjunctive of to be for they) instead of the indicative.
Both سختکوش and خوشبین refer to the plural noun کارمندان (employees). Why don't these adjectives take a plural suffix themselves?
In Farsi, adjectives do not agree with nouns in number. Even when describing a plural noun like کارمندان, the adjectives سختکوش and خوشبین remain in their base, uninflected forms. This is a crucial rule to remember as you build more complex descriptive sentences at the B2 level!
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