Question 1

Why do we use the full infinitive sard shodan after ba'd az?

Accepted Answer

In Farsi, infinitives double as verbal nouns (gerunds). After prepositions like ba'd az (after) or qabl az (before), using the infinitive is the standard way to express an action as a concept, similar to English "-ing" forms. So ba'd az sard shodan translates directly to "after becoming cold" or "after cooling."

Question 2

If I wanted to say "after cooling the glass" (meaning someone actively cooled it), would I still use sard shodan?

Accepted Answer

No. Sard shodan is intransitive—it describes the subject itself getting cold. If someone is actively cooling an object, you must use the transitive equivalent, sard kardan (to make cold). You would instead say ba'd az sard kardan-e shisheh.

Question 3

The word shekanandeh (fragile) ends in -andeh. Isn't that suffix usually for people who do an action, like a "reader" or "buyer"?

Accepted Answer

Yes, adding -andeh to a present verb stem (here, shekan- from shekastan, to break) typically forms an active participle meaning the "doer" of an action. However, it can also create descriptive adjectives. While its literal makeup suggests "breaking," in practice shekanandeh is the standard adjective for "fragile" or "breakable."

Question 4

Could shisheh here refer to a beautiful drinking glass?

Accepted Answer

It's very unlikely. In Farsi, shisheh refers to the material of glass itself, or objects like a windowpane, a bottle, or a jar. For a drinking glass, you would use the word livân. This sentence is likely talking about a decorative glass object (like a vase) or a piece of crafted glasswork.

بعد از سرد شدن، این شیشه‌ی زیبا شکننده می‌شود.

Breakdown of بعد از سرد شدن، این شیشه‌ی زیبا شکننده می‌شود.

Questions & Answers about بعد از سرد شدن، این شیشه‌ی زیبا شکننده می‌شود.

Learn بعد از سرد شدن، این شیشه‌ی زیبا شکننده می‌شود and more in Farsi