Question 1

Why does the word مخاطبین end in -ین?

Accepted Answer

The suffix -ین (-in) is a formal plural marker borrowed from Arabic. It is only used with Arabic loanwords that refer to people (animate nouns). Here, it makes the singular Arabic loanword مخاطب (addressee or audience member) plural. In everyday conversational Farsi, you will also hear the standard Persian plural forms مخاطبان or مخاطب‌ها.

Question 2

Why do we need از اینکه before the clause about the concert?

Accepted Answer

The adjective ناراحت (upset) requires the preposition از (from or about) to show what is causing the feeling. However, in Farsi, you cannot attach a preposition directly to a full descriptive verb clause. You use اینکه (this that or the fact that) as a grammatical bridge. Literally, the sentence says they are upset from the fact that the concert is delayed.

Question 3

The English translation says 'The audience is upset' (singular verb), but the Farsi uses the plural verb هستند. Why?

Accepted Answer

Unlike the English word 'audience', which is a singular collective noun, مخاطبین is explicitly plural (meaning 'addressees' or 'audience members'). Since the Farsi subject is grammatically plural and refers to living people, the verb must also be plural (هستند).

Question 4

Why does the sentence use تاخیر دارد for 'is delayed'?

Accepted Answer

Farsi often uses the construction 'noun + داشتن' (to have) to describe a state or condition where English might use an adjective or the passive voice. Here, instead of saying the concert 'is delayed', Farsi literally says the concert 'has delay' (تاخیر دارد).

مخاطبین از اینکه کنسرت تاخیر دارد ناراحت هستند.

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