Learn Farsi: نرخ تورم در این سال به پانزده درصد رسید. - The inflation rate reached fifteen percent this year.

In Farsi, the verb residan (to reach/arrive) requires the preposition be (to). While in English we just say "reached fifteen percent", in Farsi you literally say "arrived to fifteen percent" (be punzdah darsad resid).

How do we structure the phrase "fifteen percent" in Farsi?

You simply place the number before the word darsad (percent). Here, it is punzdah (15) followed by darsad. The word order is exactly the same as in English.

The number fifteen is plural. Why is the verb resid in the singular form?

The verb agrees with the main subject of the sentence, which is nerkh (rate). Since the word "rate" is singular, the verb takes the singular form resid. The percentage is just the target that the rate reached, not the subject itself.

How is the phrase for "inflation rate" constructed here?

It uses the ezafe vowel to link two nouns. Nerkh means "rate" and tavarrom means "inflation". The invisible ezafe connects them to mean "rate of inflation" (nerkh-e tavarrom).

The sentence uses dar in saal for "this year". Could I just use the word emsaal?