Breakdown of شما سال گذشته خیلی مشغول بودید.
شما
you (plural)
خیلی
very / many (of)
بودنbudan
to be
سالsâl
year
Questions & Answers about شما سال گذشته خیلی مشغول بودید.
How is the verb budid (were) formed here?
It comes from the verb budan (to be). For the simple past tense, we take the past stem bud and add the personal ending -id to match the pronoun shoma (you, formal or plural). Together, that makes budid (you were).
How do you say "last year" in Farsi, and how are the words connected?
"Last year" is sal-e gozashteh. It is made of the noun sal (year) and the adjective gozashteh (past). In Farsi, we link a noun and its adjective using a short "e" sound called the Ezāfe. It isn't usually written as a separate letter in the Farsi alphabet, but you must pronounce it to connect the two words.
Does gozashteh literally mean "last"?
It literally translates to "past" or "passed". So sal-e gozashteh literally means "the past year". You can use gozashteh with other time words too, for example to say "last week" or "last month".
Why is budid at the very end of the sentence?
In Farsi, the main verb almost always goes at the very end. The standard order for a sentence like this is Subject (shoma) + Time (sal-e gozashteh) + Details and Adjectives (kheyli mashghul) + Verb (budid).