Learn Farsi: روی نقشه چند کشور می‌بینید؟ - How many countries do you see on the map?

In Farsi, when you use a number or a quantity question word like chand (how many), the noun that follows it must always be singular. So, you are literally asking how many country.

Why isn't chand (how many) at the very beginning of the sentence?

Unlike English, which moves question words to the start of a sentence, Farsi usually leaves them exactly where the answer would go. Since the answer would be something like On the map I see five countries, the question word chand sits right before keshvar.

How does the phrase rooy-e naghshe (on the map) work?

The word for on is roo, but many Farsi prepositions of location need a connecting vowel (the ezāfe) to link them to the noun. Because roo ends in a vowel, a y sound is added to make it easier to say, giving us rooy-e.

Who is the verb mi-binid (see) addressing?

The -id ending tells us this is the second-person plural form (you all). It can also be used as a formal and polite way to address a single person.