Social formulas

Meeting People

Persian politeness runs on fixed formulas — you learn them whole, like single words, and they need almost no grammar. When you are introduced to someone, the answer is خوشبختم (nice to meet you, literally "I am fortunate").

Welcoming Guests

When guests arrive, the host says خوش آمدید — welcome, literally "you came well". It pairs naturally with بفرمایید to usher people in.

Saying Sorry

متأسفم expresses regret — I'm sorry — where ببخشید (from the previous lesson) asks pardon: excuse me. Use متأسفم to console or to apologize for something that already happened.

On the Phone

الو is how Iranians answer the phone — never سلام first. The سلام follows once you know who is speaking.

The All-Purpose بفرمایید

بفرمایید is the politeness word for offering anything: here you are (handing something over), please come in, go ahead, take a seat. You will hear it dozens of times a day in Iran.