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### Expressing Roles and Capacities

To express doing something "as" a profession or "in the capacity of" a specific role, Farsi uses the phrase به عنوان. It takes the *Ezafe* (the hidden linking vowel) to connect directly to the noun that follows.

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You can place به عنوان at the beginning of the sentence or in the middle, depending on what you want to emphasize.

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### Appointing and Serving

This structure is highly useful in professional contexts. It pairs naturally with formal verbs like منصوب کردن (to appoint) and خدمت کردن (to serve).

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Roles and capacities (be onvân-e)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
as / in the capacity of (role)	به عنوانbe onvân
founder	موسسmo'asses
As the founder of this company, I must make a decision.	به عنوان موسس این شرکت، من باید تصمیم بگیرم.be onvân-e mo'assis-e in sherkat, man bâyad tasmim begiram.
spokesperson	سخنگوsokhangu
mediator	میانجیmiyânji
The spokesperson acted as a mediator between the two countries.	سخنگو به عنوان میانجی بین دو کشور عمل کرد.sokhangu be onvân-e miyânji beyne do keshvar amal kard.
secretary / head (of an organization or department)	دبیرdabir
treasurer	خزانه‌دارkhazâne-dâr
The secretary and the treasurer asked the mediator to help.	دبیر و خزانه‌دار از میانجی خواستند که کمک کند.dabir o khazâne-dâr az miânji khâstand ke komak konad.
In other words, the spokesperson wants to act as a mediator.	به عبارت دیگر، سخنگو می‌خواهد به عنوان میانجی عمل کند.be ebârat-e digar, sokhangu mikhâhad be onvân-e miyânji amal konad.
to appoint	منصوب کردنmansub kardan
The founder of the charity appointed his friend as the treasurer.	موسس خیریه دوستش را به عنوان خزانه‌دار منصوب کرد.mo'asses kheyrie doostash râ be onvân khazâne-dâr mansub kard.
The manager appointed him as the company's secretary.	مدیر او را به عنوان دبیر شرکت منصوب کرد.modir u râ be onvân-e dabir-e sherkat mansub kard.
to serve	خدمت کردنkhedmat kardan
I serve as a teacher in this school.	من به عنوان معلم در این مدرسه خدمت می‌کنم.man be onvân-e mo'allem dar in madrese khedmat mikonam.
They serve as volunteers in the hospital.	آنها به عنوان داوطلب در بیمارستان خدمت می‌کنند.ânhâ be onvân-e dâvtalab dar bimârestân khedmat mikonand.
deputy / vice	معاونmo'âven
He works as the manager's deputy.	او به عنوان معاون مدیر کار می‌کند.u be onvân-e mo'âven-e modir kâr mikonad.
legal (juridical, pertaining to rights or the field of law)	حقوقیhoghughi
I sign the contract as a legal advisor.	من به عنوان مشاور حقوقی قرارداد را امضا می‌کنم.man be onvân-e moshâver-e hoghughi gharârdâd râ emzâ mikonam
substitute / proxy	جانشینjânshin
Let's find a legal proxy for him.	بیایید یک جانشین حقوقی برایش پیدا کنیم.biyâyid yek jâneshin hoquqi barâyash peydâ konim.
The deputy serves as the manager's substitute.	معاون به عنوان جانشین مدیر خدمت می‌کند.mo'âven be onvân-e jâneshin-e modir khedmat mikonad
to play a role, to have a part (in)	نقش داشتنnaqsh dâshtan
The spokesperson played a role in this agreement.	سخنگو در این توافق نقش داشت.sokhangu dar in tavâfoq naqsh dâsht.
The deputy has a part in choosing the founder.	معاون در انتخاب موسس نقش دارد.mo'âven dar entekhâb-e mo'asses naqsh dârad.

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