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### Ordinal Numbers After the Noun

Farsi ordinal numbers typically follow the noun they modify. To form these ordinals, add the suffix **ـم** (like **دوم** for "second" or **سوم** for "third"). Since the ordinal acts as a modifier, connect it to the noun using an Ezafe.

{{item:793239}}

{{item:793248}}

### Emphatic Ordinals Before the Noun

You can also place the ordinal number *before* the noun for added emphasis. In this position, the suffix becomes **ـمین** (such as **دومین** or **سومین**). Because the number precedes the noun, do *not* use an Ezafe.

{{item:793241}}

{{item:793251}}

### Comparing the Syntax

Both structures are interchangeable. Just remember to pair the correct suffix with its corresponding word order:

- **Noun + Ezafe + Ordinal (ـم)**
- **Ordinal (ـمین) + Noun (no Ezafe)**

Notice how the syntax shifts between the "third book" and "fourth book" in these examples:

{{item:793259}}

{{item:793260}}

### Using Ordinals as Direct Objects

Whether placed before or after the noun, the noun and its ordinal act as a single phrase. If that phrase is a specific direct object, the object marker **را** attaches to the very end of the completed phrase.

{{item:793244}}

{{item:793254}}

Ordinal number positions (-om, -omin)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
volume	جلدjeld
to be published	منتشر شدنmontasher shodan
The fourth volume is being published tomorrow.	جلد چهارم فردا منتشر می‌شود.jeld-e chahârom fardâ montasher mishavad.
title	عنوانonvân
This is the fifth title they are publishing.	این پنجمین عنوان است که آنها منتشر می‌کنند.in panjomin onvân ast ke ânhâ montasher mikonand.
critic	منتقدmontaqed
rank	رتبهrotbe
Some critics gave this book fifth place.	بعضی از منتقدان رتبه‌ی پنجم را به این کتاب دادند.ba'zi az montaqedân rotbe-ye panjom râ be in ketâb dâdand.
edition / printing	چاپchâp
Nobody bought the seventh edition.	هیچ‌کس هفتمین چاپ را نخرید.hich-kas haftomin châp râ nakharid.
preface / introduction	مقدمهmoqaddame
The preface of the third edition is very interesting.	مقدمه‌ی چاپ سوم خیلی جالب است.moghaddame-ye châp-e sevvom kheyli jâleb ast.
editor	ویراستارvirâstâr
translation	ترجمهtarjome
He is the third editor of this translation.	او سومین ویراستار این ترجمه است.u sevomin virâstâr in tarjome ast.
The second editor isn't working on this title.	ویراستار دوم رو این عنوان کار نمی‌کنه.virâstâr-e dovom ro in onvân kâr nemikone.
This book reached the tenth edition.	این کتاب به دهمین چاپ رسید.in ketâb be dahomin châp resid.
Some critics want you not to read the first preface.	بعضی از منتقدان می‌خواهند که شما اولین مقدمه را نخوانید.ba'zi az montaqedân mikhâhand ke shomâ avvalin moqaddame râ nakhânid.
The third translation was not published today.	ترجمه‌ی سوم امروز منتشر نشد.tarjome-ye sevvom emruz montasher nashod.
The second volume got first place.	جلد دوم رتبه‌ی اول را گرفت.jeld dovom rotbe-ye avval râ gereft
I know nothing about the fourth volume.	درباره‌ی چهارمین جلد هیچ‌چیز نمی‌دانم.darbâre-ye chahâromin jeld hich-chiz nemidânam.
print run / circulation (publications)	تیراژtirâzh
The print run of this author's third book is high.	تیراژ سومین کتاب این نویسنده بالا است.tirâzh-e sevvomin ketâb-e in nevisande bâlâ ast
The print run of the fourth book is very low.	تیراژ کتاب چهارم خیلی کم است.tirâzh-e ketâb-e chahârom kheyli kam ast.