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### Setting a Course: Intentions and Decisions

To talk about plans in Persian, use the verbs **قصد داشتن** (to intend) and **تصمیم گرفتن** (to decide).

When you intend or decide to do an action, the second verb (the action itself) must be in the **Present Subjunctive**. These two clauses are usually connected by **که** (that).

### Intending (قصد داشتن)

To express intention, conjugate **داشتن** (to have) after the noun **قصد** (intention), then add **که** and your subjunctive verb.

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### Deciding (تصمیم گرفتن)

For decisions, use **تصمیم گرفتن** (literally "to take a decision"). Even if the decision was made in the past, the subsequent action still takes the *Present Subjunctive* because, from the perspective of the decision, the action hasn't happened yet.

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### Adapting to Conditions

Notice how these structures fit naturally into cause-and-effect sentences when you need to change your plans.

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Intending and deciding (qasd dâshtan, tasmim gereftan)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
to intend	قصد داشتنqasd dâshtan
ship	کشتیkashti
We intend to change the ship's route.	ما قصد داریم که مسیر کشتی را تغییر دهیم.mâ qasd dârim ke masir kashti râ taghyir dahim.
beach / coast	ساحلsâhel
They decided to return to the coast.	آنها تصمیم گرفتند که به ساحل برگردند.ânhâ tasmim gereftand ke be sâhel bargardand.
wind	بادbâd
direction	جهتjahat
The wind is intense, so we intend to change direction.	باد شدید است، پس ما قصد داریم که جهت را تغییر دهیم.bâd shadid ast, pas mâ qasd dârim ke jahat râ taghyir dahim.
island	جزیرهjazire
Do you intend to go to that island?	آیا شما قصد دارید که به آن جزیره بروید؟âyâ shomâ ghasd dârid ke be ân jazire beravid?
compass	قطب‌نماghotb-namâ
You decided to use the compass.	شما تصمیم گرفتید که از قطب‌نما استفاده کنید.shomâ tasmim gereftid ke az qotbnamâ estefâde konid.
wave	موجmowj
anchor	لنگرlangar
The waves are dangerous, so they decided to drop anchor.	موج‌ها خطرناک هستند، پس آنها تصمیم گرفتند که لنگر بیندازند.mowj-hâ khatarnâk hastand, pas ânhâ tasmim gereftand ke langar biyandâzand.
boat	قایقghâyeq
That man intends to buy a small boat.	آن مرد قصد دارد که یک قایق کوچک بخرد.ân mard ghasd dârad ke yek ghâyeq kuchak bekharad
You must use the map and compass.	شما باید از نقشه و قطب‌نما استفاده کنید.shomâ bâyad az naghshe va ghotb-namâ estefâde konid.
They decided to leave the boat on the beach.	آنها تصمیم گرفتند که قایق را در ساحل بگذارند.ânhâ tasmim gereftand ke qâyeq râ dar sâhel begzârand.
Do they intend to stay on the island?	آیا آنها قصد دارند که در جزیره بمانند؟âyâ ânhâ ghasd dârand ke dar jazire bemânand?
We must look at the direction of the wind.	ما باید به جهت باد نگاه کنیم.mâ bâyad be jahat-e bâd negâh konim.
You intend to stay away from this big wave.	شما قصد دارید که از این موج بزرگ دور بمانید.shomâ qasd dârid ke az in moj-e bozorg dur bemânid.
They intend to buy a heavy anchor for the ship.	ایشان قصد دارند که برای کشتی یک لنگر سنگین بخرند.ishân qasd dârand ke barâye keshti yek langar sangin bekharand.