Discussing environmental initiatives and renewable energy often requires making multiple points at once. To link clauses that add information or describe simultaneous situations, Farsi uses specific compound conjunctions ending in اینکه.
Adding Information with علاوه بر اینکه
To say "in addition to the fact that" or "besides," use علاوه بر اینکه. Unlike simple prepositions followed by a noun, it introduces a full dependent clause. When stating facts, the verb in this dependent clause is typically in the indicative mood.
| Besides being renewable, this fuel is very cheap. | علاوه بر اینکه این سوخت تجدیدپذیر است، خیلی ارزان است.alâve bar inke in soukht tajdidpazir ast, kheyli arzân ast. |
| Besides solar panels being expensive, they take a long time to install. | علاوه بر اینکه پنل خورشیدی گران است، نصب کردن آن طول میکشد.elâve bar in-ke panel-e khorshidi gerân ast, nasb kardan-e ân tul mikeshad. |
Simultaneous Situations with ضمن اینکه
When you want to express "while" or "at the same time that," often with an added nuance of "in addition to," use ضمن اینکه. It must also be followed by a fully conjugated clause.
| While these turbines produce electricity, they have environmental benefits. | ضمن اینکه این توربینها برق تولید میکنند، فایدههای زیستمحیطی دارند.zemn-e inke in torbin-hâ barq towlid mikonand, fâyede-hâye zist-mohiti dârand. |
This dependent clause frequently appears at the beginning of the sentence to set the scene, but it can also be embedded later in the main clause, such as right after the subject.
| You can control gas emissions while using a solar panel. | شما میتوانید ضمن اینکه از پنل خورشیدی استفاده میکنید، انتشار گاز را کنترل کنید.shomâ mitavânid zemn-e inke az panel-e khorshidi estefâde mikonid, enteshâr-e gâz râ kontorol konid. |
