Action Nouns (-esh)
In Farsi, many nouns that describe an action, process, or state are derived directly from verbs. Form these action nouns by attaching the suffix ش to the present stem of a verb.
For example, taking the present stem گرد (from the verb meaning "to turn" or "to revolve") and adding ش gives you گردش (circulation or turning).
| How long did the Earth's revolution take? | گردش زمین چقدر طول کشید؟gardesh-e zamin cheqadr tul keshid? |
| Did you see the rotation of this planet? | چرخش این سیاره را دیدی؟charkhesh in sayyâre râ didi? |
Weather and Natural Phenomena
This suffix is extremely common when describing weather, seasonal changes, and natural processes.
| We watched the snowfall. | ما بارش برف را تماشا کردیم.mâ bâresh-e barf râ tamâshâ kardim. |
| The blowing of the wind was so severe that the tree broke. | وزش باد آنقدر شدید بود که درخت شکست.vazesh-e bâd ânqadr shadid bud ke derakht shekast. |
| The shining of the sun on the sea is very beautiful. | تابش آفتاب روی دریا خیلی زیبا است.tâbesh-e âftâb ruye daryâ kheyli zibâ ast. |
| Leaf fall happens in this season. | ریزش برگها در این فصل اتفاق میافتد.rizesh barg-hâ dar in fasl ettefâq mioftad. |
Physical Forces and Sensations
These nouns also describe physical sensations and natural forces acting on the body or environment.
| Before the earthquake, I felt the tremor of the ground. | من قبل از زلزله، لرزش زمین را حس کردم.man qabl az zelzele, larzeshe zamin râ hess kardam. |
| The burning in my eye was because of the fire. | سوزش چشمم به خاطر آتش بود.suzeshe cheshmam be khâtere âtash bud. |
| The pull of gravity on this planet is strong. | کشش جاذبه در این سیاره قوی است.keshesh-e jâzebe dar in sayyâre ghavi ast. |
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