Short vowels in verb stems (zitten, ik zit)

Short Vowels and Double Consonants

In Dutch, some verbs use a double consonant to keep a vowel sound short before the -en infinitive ending. Plural subjects like wij (we) use this full infinitive form.

We are sitting on the bed.
We zitten op het bed.

The "Ik" Form (The Stem)

To find the verb stem for ik (I), drop the -en from the infinitive. For zitten, this leaves zitt.

Because Dutch words never end in double identical consonants, we drop one to get the correct stem: zit.

I am sitting on the chair.
Ik zit op de stoel.

This rule applies to all verbs with a short vowel followed by a double consonant, like bellen (to call) and kennen (to know).

I am calling the doctor today.
Ik bel vandaag de arts.
I do not know the woman.
Ik ken de vrouw niet.

Adding "-t" for Other Subjects

Just like other regular verbs, form the verb for jij, hij, zij, or het by taking the stem and adding -t. For pakken (to take), the stem pak becomes pakt.

The man takes the chair.
De man pakt de stoel.

If the stem already ends in a -t (like zit), you do not add a second one. Because Dutch spelling avoids double identical consonants at the end of a word, ik zit and hij zit are spelled exactly the same.