In previous lessons, you learned that subordinating conjunctions push the verb to the end of their clause. Here are a few more useful ones for describing timelines, causes, and effects:
- hoewel (although)
- zodra (as soon as)
- terwijl (while)
- doordat (because / due to the fact that)
Starting with a Subordinate Clause
When you begin a sentence with a subordinate clause, that entire clause counts as the very first piece of information (Position 1).
Because Dutch is a "verb second" language, the main clause must begin immediately with its verb to secure Position 2. This causes inversion in the main clause: the verb swaps places with the subject.
| Although I am careful, I sometimes fall. | Hoewel ik voorzichtig ben, val ik soms. |
| As soon as the police arrive, we tell the truth. | Zodra de politie aankomt, vertellen wij de waarheid. |
The "Comma, Verb" Rule
A helpful trick for remembering this word order is to look at the comma. Because the subordinate clause sends its own verb to the very end, and the main clause must start with its verb, you will almost always see two verbs right next to each other, separated only by a comma.
| While I cycle, I call my brother. | Terwijl ik fiets, bel ik mijn broer. |
| Because he drives fast, an accident happens. | Doordat hij hard rijdt, gebeurt er een ongeluk. |
Causes and Effects
This inversion structure is incredibly common when describing causes, conditions, and their unexpected results—like minor accidents, damages, and insurance claims.
| If we collide, the bicycle is broken. | Als wij botsen, is de fiets kapot. |
| Although we drive carefully, we have an accident. | Hoewel we voorzichtig rijden, krijgen we een ongeluk. |
| Because the insurance pays, I am happy. | Omdat de verzekering betaalt, ben ik blij. |