Fluctuation (dan weer ..., dan weer ...)

Alternating States: Dan weer ..., dan weer ...

To describe rapid changes, shifting moods, or alternating states, Dutch uses the correlative phrase dan weer ..., dan weer .... It translates to "now ..., then ..." or "sometimes ..., sometimes ...".

You can use it to link two contrasting adjectives to describe a fluctuating state:

The weather is sometimes warm, sometimes cold.
Het weer is dan weer warm, dan weer koud.
Her mood is sometimes good, sometimes bad.
Haar humeur is dan weer goed, dan weer slecht.

Actions and Word Order

You can also use this structure to describe alternating actions or variation (de afwisseling). If you place dan weer at the beginning of a clause, it takes up the first position in that sentence. This triggers inversion, meaning the verb must come immediately before the subject.

Sometimes she laughs, sometimes she cries.
Dan weer lacht ze, dan weer huilt ze.
I love the variation: sometimes I read, sometimes I write.
Ik hou van de afwisseling: dan weer lees ik, dan weer schrijf ik.

Words for Instability

Dutch has excellent descriptive vocabulary for temperamental behaviors and shifting trends. For people, moods, or animals, you can use wispelturig (fickle or capricious). For variables that swing back and forth, use the verb schommelen (to fluctuate).

Your mood is unfortunately very fickle.
Jouw humeur is helaas erg wispelturig.
The patient fluctuates constantly between awake and sleepy.
De patiënt schommelt constant tussen wakker en slaperig.

If a pattern or climate is highly erratic, the word grillig is a perfect fit:

The climate in that area is very erratic.
Het klimaat in dat gebied is erg grillig.

Exchange Rates and Predictability

When discussing financial trends or complex situations, you will often need to state whether things are steady. A rate (de koers) might be stabiel (stable) or entirely onberekenbaar (unpredictable).

The rate of the dollar is rarely stable.
De koers van de dollar is zelden stabiel.
The situation is completely unpredictable.
De situatie is volkomen onberekenbaar.