Adverbs of frequency (altijd, vaak)

Expressing Frequency

To talk about routines, use adverbs of frequency to describe how often you do something:

  • altijd (always)
  • gewoonlijk (usually)
  • vaak (often)
  • regelmatig (regularly)
  • soms (sometimes)
  • zelden (rarely)
  • nooit (never)

These adverbs typically appear in the middle of the sentence, right after the conjugated verb (or after the subject in questions and inverted sentences).

We usually eat bread for lunch.
We eten gewoonlijk brood bij de lunch.
He goes to the gym regularly.
Hij gaat regelmatig naar de sportschool.
They rarely read a book.
Zij lezen zelden een boek.

Modifying Frequency

You can fine-tune these descriptions using words like bijna (almost) or vooral (especially).

I almost always drink coffee in the morning.
Ik drink bijna altijd koffie in de ochtend.
We almost never eat meat.
Wij eten bijna nooit vlees.
I exercise often, but especially on Sunday.
Ik sport vaak, maar vooral op zondag.

Daily and Weekly Habits

Dutch also has specific adverbs for things that happen on a daily or weekly basis. They follow the exact same placement rules.

  • dagelijks (daily)
  • wekelijks (weekly)
We walk daily in the park.
Wij wandelen dagelijks in het park.
I cycle weekly from my house to the city.
Ik fiets wekelijks van mijn huis naar de stad.

Asking Questions About Frequency

To ask someone about their habits, start your question with hoe vaak (how often).

How often do you go out?
Hoe vaak gaan jullie uit?

If you are asking a different type of question (like why), the frequency adverb simply stays in its normal position after the verb and subject.

Why do you never go to the gym?
Waarom ga je nooit naar de sportschool?