Breakdown of Kunne du oversætte teksten for mig?
du
you
mig
me
kunne
to be able to / can
for
for (preposition)
Questions & Answers about Kunne du oversætte teksten for mig?
Why is kunne in the past tense if I am asking for help right now?
Using the past tense form of a modal verb makes a request much more polite. Just like in English, saying Kunne du... (Could you...) sounds softer and more respectful than using the present tense Kan du... (Can you...).
Could I use ville instead of kunne in this sentence?
Yes, you could say Ville du oversætte teksten for mig?. Both are very polite. Kunne translates to "could" and focuses slightly on the person's ability or whether they have time, while ville translates to "would" and asks about their willingness to do the favor.
Why do we use oversætte here instead of the present tense oversætter?
Because kunne is a modal verb. In Danish, a modal verb is always followed by the dictionary form (the infinitive) of the main verb, without the word at. Since kunne already handles the tense, oversætte stays in its base form.
Why do we use for mig instead of til mig in this sentence?
You use for mig when someone is doing a task on your behalf or for your benefit as a favor. If you used til mig (to me), it would sound more like they are translating the text and then physically handing the document over to you.