Learn Danish: Goddag. Taler du engelsk? - Good day. Do you speak English?

In Danish, you don't use a "helper" verb like "do" to ask a question. Instead, you simply put the verb first. So, "You speak" is Du taler, and "Do you speak?" becomes Taler du?.

Why is engelsk written with a lowercase letter?

Unlike in English, Danish does not capitalize the names of languages or nationalities. You will always see words like engelsk (English) and dansk (Danish) written with a lowercase first letter, unless they start a sentence.

Does the verb taler change if I am talking about someone else, like "he speaks"?

No, it stays exactly the same! A great thing about Danish verbs is that they don't change based on who is doing the action. The present tense form taler works for I, you, he, she, we, and they.

Is Goddag a formal or informal greeting?

Goddag (literally "good day") is a polite, slightly formal greeting. It is perfect to use when speaking to strangers, such as a shop assistant or someone you are asking for directions. With friends, you would more likely use Hej (Hi).