Learn Danish: Vejret er godt. - The weather is good.

The base word for "good" is god. However, it is describing Vejret, which comes from the neuter noun et vejr. When an adjective describes an et word, it gets a -t added to the end. This is called "neuter agreement."

How does Vejret mean "the weather"? Where is the word for "the"?

In Danish, "the" is usually attached to the end of a noun rather than being a separate word in front of it. The base word is the neuter noun et vejr (weather). By moving that -et to the end of the word, it becomes vejret (the weather).

Is the d in godt pronounced?

No, the d becomes silent here. When the neuter -t ending is added to god, the soft "d" sound disappears. As a result, godt is pronounced with a short vowel sound, almost exactly like the English word "got".

Would the verb er change if we were talking about multiple things?

No. Unlike English (which switches between "is" and "are"), Danish verbs only change based on the tense, never based on the subject. It is always er in the present tense, whether you mean "am", "is", or "are".