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Croatian

### Expressing Size and Extent with "koliki"

When marveling at epic infrastructure, you will often want to express awe at the sheer scale of what you are seeing. In Croatian, the exclamatory adjective **koliki** is used to say "how large", "how big", or "of what size".

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Because **koliki** is an adjective, it must agree with the noun it describes in gender, number, and case. In the nominative case, it takes the standard forms **koliki** (masculine), **kolika** (feminine), and **koliko** (neuter).

Here it is used to describe the immense size of a dam (**brana**) and its foundations (**temelji**):

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### Declining "koliki"

Like all adjectives, **koliki** changes its endings depending on its grammatical role in the sentence. It follows the standard declension pattern for definite adjectives.

| Case | Masculine Singular | Feminine Singular | Neuter Singular |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nominative | koliki | kolika | koliko |
| Accusative | kolikog(a) / koliki | koliku | koliko |
| Locative | kolikom(e) | kolikoj | kolikom(e) |

When the structure you are marveling at is the direct object of the sentence, use the accusative case. For a feminine noun like **konstrukcija** (structure), the phrase becomes **koliku konstrukciju**. If you are talking about standing *on* the structure, use the locative case with the preposition **na**.

{{item:1100623}}

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### Describing Epic Projects

To fully capture massive engineering feats, you will need strong descriptive adjectives like **ogroman** (huge) and **impozantan** (imposing), alongside structural terms like **stup** (pillar) and **raspon** (span).

Notice how **koliki** easily pairs with these new vocabulary words to express the magnitude of the engineering.

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{{item:1100633}}

Exclamatory size and extent (koliki)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Question	Answer
how large	koliki
dam	brana
I didn't know how large this dam is!	Nisam znao kolika je ova brana!
foundation	temelj
You cannot imagine how large the foundations of this dam are.	Ne možeš zamisliti koliki su temelji ove brane.
engineer	inženjer
structure	konstrukcija
The engineer explained to us how large a structure this actually is.	Inženjer nam je objasnio kolika je to zapravo konstrukcija.
construction site	gradilište
Do you see how large a structure they are building on the construction site?	Vidiš li koliku konstrukciju grade na gradilištu?
Are you aware of how large a dam we are standing on?	Jesi li svjestan na kolikoj brani stojimo?
imposing	impozantan
I spoke with the engineer Marko about the foundations of this imposing dam.	Razgovarao sam s inženjerom Markom o temeljima ove impozantne brane.
span	raspon
This bridge has an imposing span, therefore we are going to visit it tomorrow.	Ovaj most ima impozantan raspon, stoga ga sutra idemo posjetiti.
pillar	stup
huge	ogroman
I cannot describe to you how large the pillars of that huge dam are.	Ne mogu vam opisati koliki su stupovi te ogromne brane.
The workers at the construction site couldn't see the dam because of the huge pillars.	Radnici na gradilištu nisu mogli vidjeti branu zbog ogromnih stupova.
That huge bridge has an imposing span and tall pillars.	Taj ogromni most ima impozantan raspon i visoke stupove.