Abstract means and methods (kroz)

The Preposition "kroz" for Abstract Methods

You have likely seen the preposition kroz used to describe physical movement through a space (such as walking "through" a forest or looking "through" a window). However, kroz is also commonly used in an abstract sense to express the means, method, or process by which something is achieved.

When used this way, it translates to "through" or "by means of" in English (such as learning through play, or solving a problem through conversation). Just like its spatial counterpart, this abstract kroz always requires the noun that follows it to be in the accusative case.

We can get well through a therapeutic process.
Možemo ozdraviti kroz terapeutski proces.
Are you processing the trauma through expression?
Rješavaš li traumu kroz izražavanje?

Discussing Therapy and Creativity

In the context of art therapy and psychology, you will often use kroz to describe how emotions, trauma, and the subconscious are processed. The nouns taking the accusative case here follow standard declension rules.

Masculine inanimate nouns like razgovor (conversation) and simbol (symbol) have an accusative form identical to their nominative form.

The patient often speaks through symbols.
Pacijent često govori kroz simbole.
Through conversation we can reveal the subconscious.
Kroz razgovor možemo otkriti podsvijest.

Feminine nouns ending in -a, such as mašta (imagination), change their ending to -u in the accusative. Meanwhile, feminine nouns ending in a consonant, such as kreativnost (creativity) and umjetnost (art), have an accusative form that remains identical to the nominative.

Through creativity and imagination we show our feelings.
Kroz kreativnost i maštu pokazujemo svoje osjećaje.
Did you really express repressed feelings through art?
Zar si stvarno izrazio potisnute osjećaje kroz umjetnost?
This painting shows repressed sadness through colors.
Ova slika pokazuje potisnutu žalost kroz boje.