Breakdown of لما استلمت رسالة التأكيد، دفعت الرسوم.
رسالةrisâla
letter / message
استلمistalama
to receive
دفعdafa'a
to pay
رسومrusûm
fees
لماlammâ
when (past)
تأكيدta'kîd
confirmation
Questions & Answers about لما استلمت رسالة التأكيد، دفعت الرسوم.
I usually use عندما for "when". Can I always use لما instead?
Not always. While عندما can be used with both past and present tense verbs, لما meaning "when" or "after" is strictly used with past tense verbs. Since both halves of this sentence use past tense verbs (استلمت and دفعت), لما works perfectly here.
I thought لما meant "not yet". Why does it mean "when" in this sentence?
The meaning of لما changes depending on the verb tense that directly follows it. When it is followed by a present tense verb in the jussive mood, it means "not yet". However, when followed by a past tense verb like استلمت (I received), it acts as a time conjunction meaning "when".
If I were reading this sentence with full case endings, what vowel would رسالة take?
What is the root and form of the word التأكيد (the confirmation)?
It comes from the root أ-ك-د. The word تأكيد is the verbal noun (masdar) of the Form II verb أكّد (to confirm). Form II verbal nouns reliably follow this "taf'īl" pattern.
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