Learn Arabic (Modern Standard): في تلك الحقبة، لم يبلغ عدد السكان سبعة وستين مليون نسمة. - In that era, the population did not reach sixty-seven million people.

In complex numbers, the ones digit agrees or disagrees with the noun immediately following it. Here, the immediate counted noun is the masculine word مليون (million). Therefore, the number seven takes the feminine form سبعة to disagree with it, regardless of the gender of the final noun نسمة.

Why are the numbers 'seven' and 'sixty' in the accusative case here?

The entire number phrase acts as the direct object of the verb يبلغ (reach). So, the first part takes the accusative ending -a (سبعةَ). The tens digit is connected by 'and' (و), so it must match this case. In its accusative form, the tens digit uses the suffix -in (ستين) rather than the nominative -un (ستون).

The number 67 should be followed by a singular, accusative noun. Why doesn't 'million' have a tanwin (double fatha) here?

Numbers 11-99 do take a singular accusative noun, which would normally make it مليوناً. However, here 'million' is also the first word in a possessive phrase (Idafa) with نسمة. Because a word cannot have both a tanwin and a following genitive noun, it drops the tanwin and becomes مليونَ.

What case is the final word نسمة (people/souls), and why?