Breakdown of إذا رفض التسوية، لأقاضينه ولأرفعن دعوى ضده.
الal
the
وwa
and
هhu
his / him (object) / it (dummy pronoun after لأن)
رفضrafada
to refuse
رفعrafa'a
to lift
إذاidhâ
if
ضدdidd
against
لla
truly, surely (emphatic prefix)
تسويةtaswiya
settlement
قاضىqâdâ
to sue
دعوىda'wâ
lawsuit
Questions & Answers about إذا رفض التسوية، لأقاضينه ولأرفعن دعوى ضده.
How do all the pieces fit together in the word لأقاضينه?
This word has four parts: the emphasizing prefix لَـ (meaning "truly" or "definitely"), the present tense verb أقاضي ("I sue"), the heavy emphatic suffix ـنَّ (the core of this lesson, adding strong certainty), and the object pronoun ـه ("him"). Together, they form the strong assertion: "I will definitely sue him."
The verb أقاضي ends in a weak letter. Does adding the emphatic ـنَّ change its pronunciation?
Yes. Normally, أقاضي ends with a long "ee" sound. When you attach the heavy emphatic suffix ـنَّ to a present tense verb for the "I" pronoun, the end of the verb must take a fatha ("a" vowel). The long "ee" turns into a consonant "y" with a fatha, making the word لأقاضِيَنَّهُ (la-uqadiyannahu).
What happens to the final vowel of the regular verb أرفع when we add the emphatic suffix in ولأرفعن?
A standard present tense verb like أرفع ("I raise" or "I file") ends in a damma ("u" sound). However, when the emphatic ـنَّ is directly attached, the verb's ending becomes "fixed" on a fatha ("a" sound). Therefore, the pronunciation shifts from أرفعُ (arfa'u) to لأرفَعَنَّ (la-arfa'anna).
Why is the verb رفض in the past tense when the English translation says "If he refuses"?
In Arabic, the conditional particle إذا (if) is almost always followed by a verb in the past tense, even when the sentence is talking about the present or future. The presence of إذا automatically shifts the meaning of that past-tense verb to a potential future condition.
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