Questions & Answers about يفرز المحصول يدويا.
How can we tell that يفرز is passive here since it looks exactly like the active verb when written without vowels?
You rely on context: a crop cannot sort things, so it must be the thing being sorted. If it were fully voweled, the passive Form I present tense always follows the pattern yu-f-a-l-u. Instead of the active يَفْرِزُ (ya-f-ri-zu, he sorts), it is pronounced يُفْرَزُ (yu-f-ra-zu, is sorted), taking a damma on the prefix and a fatha on the middle root letter.
Since the crop is receiving the action, does المحصول take the accusative (object) case?
No, in an Arabic passive sentence, the original object is promoted to the subject position (known as the deputy subject). Therefore, المحصول takes the nominative case and ends with a damma (المحصولُ) just like a regular active subject would.
How is the adverb يدويا (manually) formed in this sentence?
Can I add who is doing the sorting by saying something like 'by the workers' at the end of this passive sentence?
In strict Modern Standard Arabic, the doer of the action is intentionally dropped in a passive sentence. If you need to mention who is doing the sorting, you should switch the sentence back to the active voice and say 'The workers sort the crop manually.' instead.
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