Questions & Answers about لم أزر المبنى بعد الضرر.
Why is the verb أزر instead of أزور?
The particle لم (did not) forces the present tense verb into the jussive mood. This usually means dropping the final short vowel. For a hollow verb like أزور (I visit), this would trap two unvoweled consonants next to each other. To fix this clash, Arabic drops the long middle vowel, giving us أزر.
Why is الضرر in the genitive (majrur) case here?
The word بعد (after) acts as the first part of an idafa (possession phrase). In Arabic, any noun that directly follows spatial or temporal words like before and after serves as the second part of the idafa, which must always be in the genitive case, making it بعد الضررِ.
Does the word المبنى change its ending depending on its role in the sentence?
No. Because المبنى (the building) ends in an alif maqsuura (the dotless yaa at the end), its ending is frozen. Even though it is the direct object of the verb here (which normally takes a fatha for the accusative case), it just stays as المبنى and is pronounced without any extra case vowel.