Learn Arabic (Modern Standard): أهذا مهندس؟ كلا، هذا طبيب. - Is this an engineer? No, this is a doctor.

The letter أ is a question particle used to ask Yes/No questions. It works exactly like هل. So, while هذا means "this," attaching the particle creates أهذا which means "Is this...?"

Why is the question particle أ attached directly to هذا?

Unlike هل, which stands alone as a separate word, the question particle أ is always attached directly to the beginning of the word that follows it. You will never see it written with a space after it.

Why does the answer use كلا instead of the basic word for "no" (لا)?

كلا means "no," but it is stronger and more emphatic than the standard لا. It translates closer to "not at all" or "certainly not." Here, it is used to firmly correct the assumption that the person is an engineer.

Where is the Arabic word for "is" in this sentence?

Arabic does not use a word for "is" or "are" in the present tense. The phrase هذا طبيب literally translates to "This a doctor," but it is understood as "This is a doctor." The same applies to the question: أهذا مهندس؟ translates literally to "[Question] this an engineer?"