Questions & Answers about ما رقم لوحة السيارة؟
Why are there three nouns strung together, and why does only the last one have ال (the)?
This is a chained possessive phrase (an Idafa), literally meaning "number (of) plate (of) the car". In this chain, only the very last word (السيارة) is allowed to have ال (the). The first two words, رقم and لوحة, are already understood as specific because they belong to "the car", so they cannot take ال.
How does the word order work here compared to the English "car's plate number"?
In Arabic possessive phrases (Idafa), the "owned" item always comes before the "owner", similar to saying "the number of the plate of the car". You start with the core thing you want to know (رقم), then what it belongs to (لوحة), and finally the ultimate owner (السيارة).
Why do we use ما here for "what" instead of ماذا?
In Arabic, ما is used for "what" when there is no verb in the sentence, typically before a noun or pronoun. Since we are asking about a noun phrase (رقم لوحة السيارة) and there is no action happening, we must use ما. You would use ماذا if you were asking "what" alongside a verb.
If I want to pronounce the short vowel endings, what sound goes at the end of the middle word لوحة?