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### Assimilated Verbs (المثال)

In Arabic, verbs whose roots begin with the letter و (waaw) are known as "assimilated" verbs (المثال). In the past tense, they act like regular three-letter verbs, such as وصل (to arrive).

### Dropping the (و) in the Present Tense

When these verbs are conjugated in the present tense, the initial و is dropped entirely. For example, instead of keeping the و, the verb وصل becomes يصل (he arrives).

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### More Verbs that Drop the (و)

This pattern applies to other common verbs you will encounter, such as وقف (to stand) and وجد (to find). In the present tense, their initial weak letter disappears, and they become يقف and يجد.

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Similarly, the verbs وصف (to describe) and وعد (to promise) become يصف and يعد. This dropping rule applies regardless of the pronoun prefix, whether the present tense verb starts with ي for "he" or أ for "I":

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Assimilated verbs in the present tense (يصل)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Question	Answer
to arrive	وصلwasala
The train arrives at the station now.	يصل القطار إلى المحطة الآن.yasilu al-qitâru ilâ al-mahattati al-âna
passenger (rider)	راكبrâkib
platform (train station)	رصيفraṣîf
When does the passenger arrive at the platform?	متى يصل الراكب إلى الرصيف؟matâ yasilu r-râkibu ilâ r-rasîf
The passenger stands on the platform.	يقف الراكب على الرصيف.yaqifu r-râkibu 'alâ r-raṣîf
There is no train on the platform.	ليس هناك قطار على الرصيف.laysa hunâka qitârun 'alâ ar-rasîf
The passenger does not find his bag.	لا يجد الراكب حقيبته.lâ yajidu ar-râkibu haqîbatahu
gate	بوابةbawwâba
The passengers stand at the gate.	الركاب يقفون عند البوابة.ar-rukkâbu yaqifûna 'inda l-bawwâbati
The gate is closed now.	البوابة مغلقة الآن.al-bawwâbatu mughlaqatun al-ân.
inspector	مفتشmufattish
The inspector arrives at the gate.	يصل المفتش إلى البوابة.yasilu al-mufattishu ilâ al-bawwâbati
The inspector does not find the ticket.	لا يجد المفتش التذكرة.lâ yajidu l-mufattishu t-tadhkirata
The inspector and the passenger go to the train.	يذهب المفتش والراكب إلى القطار.yadhhabu al-mufattishu wa-r-râkibu ilâ al-qitâri
to describe	وصفwasafa
schedule (timetable)	جدولjadwal
The inspector describes the new schedule.	يصف المفتش الجدول الجديد.yasifu almufattishu aljadwala aljadida
Is there a schedule in the station?	هل هناك جدول في المحطة؟hal hunâka jadwalun fil-mahattati?
The passenger describes the bag to the inspector.	يصف الراكب الحقيبة للمفتش.yasifu ar-râkibu al-haqîbata lil-mufattishi
The inspector describes the lost bag.	يصف المفتش الحقيبة الضائعة.yasifu al-mufattishu al-haqîbata ad-dâ'i'ah
to promise	وعدwa'ada
The inspector promises the passenger a ticket.	يعد المفتش الراكب بتذكرة.ya'idu al-mufattishu ar-râkiba bitadhkiratin
I promise you, the train arrives early.	أعدك، يصل القطار مبكرا.a'iduka, yasilu l-qitâru mubakkiran.
to depart	غادرghâdara
The train departs and arrives on time.	يغادر القطار ويصل في الموعد.yughâdiru al-qitâru wa-yasilu fi al-maw'idi
When does the train depart from the platform?	متى يغادر القطار من الرصيف؟matâ yughâdiru al-qitâru mina ar-rasîf
announcement	إعلانi'lân
The passengers hear the announcement in the station.	يسمع الركاب الإعلان في المحطة.yasma'u ar-rukkâbu al-i'lâna fî al-mahaTTati
The inspector reads the announcement to the passengers.	يقرأ المفتش الإعلان للركاب.yaqra'u al-mufattishu al-i'lâna lirrukkâb