a zbura — to fly

A zbura means to fly — of birds, of planes, and figuratively of time. It is a plain first-conjugation -a verb (no -ez infix), but its stem is a small showcase of Romanian vowel alternation. The root vowel o behaves in two ways depending on what follows it: it diphthongizes to oa when the next syllable contains a stressed -ă/-e (giving zboară), and it raises to u in the unstressed plural and outside the present (giving zburăm, zburați, zburam, zburat). So a single verb shows three shapes of the same vowel: zbor / zboară / zburăm.

This is not random: it is the regular outcome of Romanian stress and vowel rules, the same machinery you see in a purta (port/poartă) or a number. Once you hear the rhythm — stressed singular zbor, diphthong zboară, raised plural zburăm — the rest of the paradigm follows.

Prezent indicativ

The diphthong oa appears only in the 3rd person (zboară, both sg and pl); the 1sg keeps plain o (zbor); and the 1st/2nd plural raise to u (zburăm, zburați).

PersonForm
euzbor
tuzbori
el / eazboară
noizburăm
voizburați
ei / elezboară

Păsările zboară spre sud când vine toamna.

The birds fly south when autumn comes.

Zbor la București mâine dimineață, am ședință.

I'm flying to Bucharest tomorrow morning, I have a meeting.

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Track the vowel through three forms: zbor (plain o, stressed singular), zboară (diphthong oa, 3rd person), zburăm (raised u, plural). The u is the giveaway that you've left the singular — if you write zborăm, you've forgotten to raise the vowel. The diphthong belongs to the 3rd person only.

Imperfect

Built on the raised u-stem zbur- with the Class I ending -am. No diphthong here — the imperfect uses the u shape throughout.

PersonForm
euzburam
tuzburai
el / eazbura
noizburam
voizburați
ei / elezburau

Avionul zbura deasupra norilor, era o liniște totală.

The plane was flying above the clouds, it was completely quiet.

Perfect compus

Auxiliary a avea plus the regular Class I participle zburat (on the u-stem).

PersonForm
euam zburat
tuai zburat
el / eaa zburat
noiam zburat
voiați zburat
ei / eleau zburat

Am zburat cu avionul prima dată la zece ani.

I flew on a plane for the first time at age ten.

Mai-mult-ca-perfectul

Synthetic pluperfect on the participle stem zburas-.

PersonForm
euzburasem
tuzburaseși
el / eazburase
noizburaserăm
voizburaserăți
ei / elezburaseră

Până atunci nu zburasem niciodată peste ocean.

Until then I had never flown across the ocean.

Viitor

PersonViitor (voi-form, formal)Colloquial (o să)
euvoi zburao să zbor
tuvei zburao să zbori
el / eava zburao să zboare
noivom zburao să zburăm
voiveți zburao să zburați
ei / elevor zburao să zboare

O să zburăm spre Roma cu o escală la Viena.

We'll fly to Rome with a stopover in Vienna.

Conjunctiv prezent

The subjunctive 3rd person is (să) zboare — the diphthong shape, distinct from the indicative zboară only by stress and final vowel quality. The plural again raises to u: să zburăm, să zburați.

PersonForm
eusă zbor
tusă zbori
el / easă zboare
noisă zburăm
voisă zburați
ei / elesă zboare

Puiul de rândunică învață să zboare singur.

The baby swallow is learning to fly on its own.

Condițional prezent

Conditional auxiliary plus the short infinitive zbura.

PersonForm
euaș zbura
tuai zbura
el / eaar zbura
noiam zbura
voiați zbura
ei / elear zbura

Aș zbura acasă chiar acum dacă aș putea.

I'd fly home right now if I could.

Imperativ

The affirmative singular is zboară! (the 3sg present shape), the plural zburați! The negative singular uses the infinitive: nu zbura!

AffirmativeNegative
tu (sg.)zboară!nu zbura!
voi (pl.)zburați!nu zburați!

Zboară, ești liber acum!

Fly, you're free now!

Forme nepersonale

The gerund zburând and participle/supine are built on the u-stem.

FormRomanian
Infinitiv(a) zbura
Gerunziuzburând
Participiuzburat
Supinde zburat

Usage

A zbura covers three everyday senses. First, the literal flight of birds and aircraft:

Un stol de berze zboară jos, semn că se schimbă vremea.

A flock of storks is flying low, a sign the weather is changing.

Second, to take a flight — Romanian uses a zbura exactly where English says "I'm flying to X," with the destination introduced by la or spre:

Zburăm la Londra vineri și ne întoarcem duminică.

We're flying to London on Friday and coming back on Sunday.

Am zburat cu avionul, e mult mai rapid decât trenul.

We went by plane (flew), it's much faster than the train.

Third, the figurative time flies, identical to the English idiom:

Timpul zboară când te distrezi.

Time flies when you're having fun.

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For "to take a flight," a zbura and the noun phrase a merge cu avionul ("to go by plane") overlap: Zbor la Cluj and Merg cu avionul la Cluj both work, with zbor sounding a touch more modern and travel-savvy. The destination uses la or spre, never în with a city: zbor la Cluj, not zbor în Cluj.

Source-language note for English speakers

English "fly" is irregular but in a way that lives entirely in the past ("flew," "flown"); the present stem never changes. Romanian flips this: the past is perfectly regular (zburat), but the present stem morphszbor, zboară, zburăm — which feels alien to an English ear expecting one fixed root. The fix is to stop treating zbor- as the "real" stem and instead memorize the three present shapes as a set. The good news is that the "fly somewhere" and "time flies" idioms map one-to-one onto English, so only the morphology needs work, not the meaning.

Common Mistakes

❌ Noi zborăm la Madrid.

Incorrect — the plural raises the vowel to u: zburăm, not zborăm.

✅ Noi zburăm la Madrid.

We're flying to Madrid.

❌ Pasărea zbor pe cer.

Incorrect — zbor is the 1sg; the 3sg needs the diphthong zboară.

✅ Pasărea zboară pe cer.

The bird flies across the sky.

❌ Anul trecut zboram des cu avionul.

Incorrect — the imperfect uses the u-stem: zburam, not zboram.

✅ Anul trecut zburam des cu avionul.

Last year I flew a lot.

❌ Vrea să zboară mai sus.

Incorrect — the subjunctive 3sg is zboare, not the indicative zboară.

✅ Vrea să zboare mai sus.

It wants to fly higher.

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