Heißen ("to be called / to be named") is the verb behind almost every German self-introduction: Ich heiße Anna — literally "I call-myself Anna," but used exactly where English says "My name is Anna" or "I'm Anna." It is a strong verb with the ei – ie – ie ablaut, the same pattern as bleiben and schreiben. The one form that trips everyone up is the du-form: because the stem already ends in ß (which contains an s-sound), you do not add another -st. The du-form and the er-form are both simply heißt.
Principal parts
| Infinitive | Präteritum | Partizip II (auxiliary) |
|---|---|---|
| heißen | hieß | geheißen (hat) |
Read this as heißen – hieß – hat geheißen. The auxiliary is haben (it is a stative verb with no motion or change of state). Note that the spelling keeps ß throughout — heißen, hieß, geheißen — because the s-sound always follows a long vowel or diphthong; it is never written ss.
Präsens (present)
This is the table to memorise. The crucial line is du: not heißst, just heißt — identical to er/sie/es.
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| ich | heiße |
| du | heißt |
| er / sie / es | heißt |
| wir | heißen |
| ihr | heißt |
| sie / Sie | heißen |
Hallo, ich heiße Markus. Und du, wie heißt du?
Hi, I'm Markus. And you, what's your name? (informal)
Entschuldigung, wie heißen Sie noch mal?
Sorry, what was your name again? (formal Sie-address)
Präteritum (simple past)
The Präteritum stem is hieß. You will meet it constantly in texts — Er hieß ... introduces a character's name.
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| ich | hieß |
| du | hießt |
| er / sie / es | hieß |
| wir | hießen |
| ihr | hießt |
| sie / Sie | hießen |
Mein erster Hund hieß Bello.
My first dog was called Bello. (Präteritum, natural even in speech)
Perfekt (present perfect)
Built with the present of haben plus the participle geheißen. In practice the Perfekt of heißen is rare — the Präteritum hieß is the natural choice for a past name — but the form is fully regular for a strong verb.
| Person | Form |
|---|---|
| ich | habe geheißen |
| du | hast geheißen |
| er / sie / es | hat geheißen |
| wir | haben geheißen |
| ihr | habt geheißen |
| sie / Sie | haben geheißen |
Die Straße hat früher anders geheißen.
The street used to have a different name. (hat geheißen — note: haben, not sein)
Imperativ (commands)
The imperative of heißen is essentially never used with the "be named" sense — you cannot order someone to have a name. The forms exist for completeness only: heiß(e)! / heißt! / heißen Sie!
Usage and meaning
Heißen is a copula-like verb: it links a subject to a name, and that name stands in the nominative, never the accusative — both sides refer to the same person. See predicate nominative and apposition.
Meine Katze heißt Mimi, und der Kater heißt Felix.
My (female) cat is called Mimi, and the tomcat is called Felix.
es heißt — "it means / it is said / the saying goes"
A second, very common use is the impersonal es heißt, which has three closely related senses: "it means," "it is said / rumoured," and "the rule/sign says."
Was heißt 'Feierabend' auf Englisch?
What does 'Feierabend' mean in English? (heißen = to mean)
Es heißt, der neue Chef sei sehr streng.
They say the new boss is very strict. (es heißt = it is said / rumour)
Auf dem Schild heißt es: Betreten verboten.
The sign says: No entry. (es heißt = the sign reads)
Collocations and fixed expressions
| Expression | English |
|---|---|
| Wie heißt du? / Wie heißen Sie? | What's your name? (informal / formal) |
| Ich heiße … | My name is … / I'm … |
| Das heißt … (d. h.) | That is to say … / i.e. |
| Was heißt … auf Deutsch? | What's … in German? |
| Es heißt, dass … | It is said that … / rumour has it … |
| So heißt es im Vertrag. | That's what it says in the contract. |
Ich komme später, das heißt, fang ohne mich an.
I'm coming later, that is, start without me. (das heißt introducing a clarification)
Common Mistakes
❌ Wie heißst du?
Incorrect du-form — the stem already ends in ß, so no extra -st is added; it is heißt.
✅ Wie heißt du?
What's your name? (informal)
❌ Was ist dein Name? (as the default casual opener)
Not wrong, but stiff — Germans overwhelmingly ask Wie heißt du? in everyday conversation.
✅ Wie heißt du?
What's your name? (the natural spoken question)
❌ Ich bin heiße Anna.
Double verb — heißen already does the linking; don't combine it with bin.
✅ Ich heiße Anna.
My name is Anna. / I'm Anna.
❌ Mein Name heißt Anna.
Redundant — a Name does not 'have a name'; either Mein Name ist Anna or Ich heiße Anna.
✅ Mein Name ist Anna.
My name is Anna.
Key Takeaways
- Principal parts: heißen – hieß – hat geheißen (Perfekt with haben).
- The du-form is heißt, not heißst — the ß already supplies the s.
- Self-introductions: Ich heiße …, never Ich bin heiße or Mein Name heißt.
- Ask names with wie (how), not was: Wie heißt du? / Wie heißen Sie?
- es heißt means "it means," "it is said," or "the sign/text reads."
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