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Turkish is from the Altaic language family. But it historically interacted with Indo-European languages such as Persian or French a lot. Thus
	Turkish has many borrowings from them and today we will see the Persian borrowing -ki.



	-ki has three usages, and each usage will be presented in a seperate lesson. These are:

<ul>
	<li>Adjectivizing</li>
	<li>Conjunction</li>
	<li>Pronominalization</li>
</ul>
 In this lesson we will see the adjectivizing -ki. The adjectivizing -ki is 
	attached to time adverbs (i.e sonra) or nouns in the locative form (i.e okulda) to make 
	them adjectives so that they can describe another noun. Let's see through an example.

<table class="ui celled table">
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Prepositional</th>
 <th>Adjectival</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Hastanede kadınlar öldü.</td>
 <td>Hastanedeki kadınlar öldü.</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Women died in the hospital.</td>
			<td>The women in the hospital died.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

	It is difficult to explain this construction in English because English 
	doesn't overtly mark this adjectivizing, but nevertheless it exists. In the first column
	both hastanede and in the hospital are prepositional phrases. They both tell us about where the dying happened. 

In the second column, hastanedeki and in the hospital are adjectival phrases, 
	they both modify the noun in front of them, women. In Turkish it is easier to spot this
	differentiation because Turkish overtly marks this with -ki.

 Keep in mind that as a Persian loanword, -ki does not behave according to vowel harmony. 
	That is to say it never becomes -kı. For example okuldaki is the correct form. 
	There are only two exceptions to this: bugünkü and dünkü.

The adjectivizing suffix -ki

noun

adjective

determiner

verb

adverb

postposition

interjection

conjunction

pronoun

sentence

phrase

Unknown

NOUN - vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

VERB - intransitive, passive

VERB - intransitive, non-passive

VERB - transitive, non-causative

VERB - transitive, causative

VERB - ablative

VERB - dative

VERB - locative

VERB - accusative

VERB - intransitive, reciprocal

VERB - intransitive, reflexive

VERB - auxiliary

Counting to 10

Fruits

The days of the week

The months of the year

Demonstratives

Adjectives

Vegetables

Animals extended

Hello and goodbye

Colors

First degree family

Nouns and articles

Plural nouns and minor vowel harmony

Personal pronouns

The verb "to be"

There is and there are

The infinitive and the stem

The imperative and major vowel harmony

The present continuous

The locative case suffix

The accusative case suffix

The dative case suffix

Final consonant harmony

Negative verbs

Questions in the present continuous

Questions with the verb "to be"

The imperative

The imperative forms of yemek and demek

Different uses of the present continuous

Irregular verbs

The Turkish alphabet

The indefinite article and the number one

The negative form of "to be"

Question words

Meeting people

Conjunctions

Stress inside questions

Locative location pronouns

Dative and ablative location pronouns

Accusative and locative personal pronouns

The genitive case suffix

Genitive personal pronouns

Extended family

The possession suffix

Dative and ablative personal pronouns

Expressing possession with var and yok

Clothing

The head and related parts

Compound nouns

Body parts

Combining suffixes

Water and the possession suffix

Vowel elimination on suffixation

Location postpositions

Location postpositions 2

Extra vocabulary and expressions

The ablative case suffix

Wearing things

Demonstratives with case suffixes

Counting larger numbers

Using numbers and quantifiers

A bit much and more and less

Animals

Telling time

The instrumentative

The definite simple past

Food

Nuts

Countries

Traffic and directions

The weather

With and without

Nationalities

Question	Answer
to steal	çalmak
Naughty children stole the apples on the tree.	Yaramaz çocuklar ağaçtaki elmaları çaldılar.
wedding	düğün
boring	sıkıcı
The wedding in August will be very boring.	Ağustostaki düğün çok sıkıcı olacak.
visit	ziyaret
week	hafta
My (paternal) aunt will come to visit us next week.	Halam sonraki hafta bize ziyarete gelecek.
mole^{ON THE SKIN}	ben
Did you go to the doctor for the mole on your ass?	Kıçındaki ben için doktora gittin mi?
stupid, idiot	salak
stupidity, idiocy	salaklık
to ask	sormak
question	soru
problem	sorun
Stupidity is the biggest problem in education.	Salaklık eğitimdeki en büyük sorun.

Turkish 118 - The adjectivizing suffix -ki

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