Turkish

Turkish is from the Altaic language family. But it historically interacted with Indo-European languages such as Persian or French a lot. Thus
	Turkish has many borrowings from them and today we will see the Persian borrowing -ki.



	-ki has three usages, and each usage will be presented in a seperate lesson. These are:

<ul>
	<li>Adjectivizing</li>
	<li>Conjunction</li>
	<li>Pronominalization</li>
</ul>
 In this lesson we will see the adjectivizing -ki. The adjectivizing -ki is 
	attached to time adverbs (i.e sonra) or nouns in the locative form (i.e okulda) to make 
	them adjectives so that they can describe another noun. Let's see through an example.

<table class="ui celled table">
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Prepositional</th>
 <th>Adjectival</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Hastanede kadınlar öldü.</td>
 <td>Hastanedeki kadınlar öldü.</td>
 </tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Women died in the hospital.</td>
			<td>The women in the hospital died.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

	It is difficult to explain this construction in English because English 
	doesn't overtly mark this adjectivizing, but nevertheless it exists. In the first column
	both hastanede and in the hospital are prepositional phrases. They both tell us about where the dying happened. 

In the second column, hastanedeki and in the hospital are adjectival phrases, 
	they both modify the noun in front of them, women. In Turkish it is easier to spot this
	differentiation because Turkish overtly marks this with -ki.

 Keep in mind that as a Persian loanword, -ki does not behave according to vowel harmony. 
	That is to say it never becomes -kı. For example okuldaki is the correct form. 
	There are only two exceptions to this: bugünkü and dünkü.

The adjectivizing suffix -ki

noun

adjective

determiner

verb

adverb

postposition

interjection

conjunction

pronoun

sentence

phrase

Unknown

NOUN - vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

VERB - intransitive, passive

VERB - intransitive, non-passive

VERB - transitive, non-causative

VERB - transitive, causative

VERB - ablative

VERB - dative

VERB - locative

VERB - accusative

VERB - intransitive, reciprocal

VERB - intransitive, reflexive

VERB - auxiliary

Word	ziyaret
Meaning	visit
Part of speech	noun
Pronunciation
Course	Turkish
Lesson	The adjectivizing suffix -ki

to visit (someplace, someone)	ziyaret etmek
If you are available my mother will come visit.	Müsaitseniz annem ziyarete gelecek.

ziyaret

Elon.io is an online learning platform

Usages of ziyaret